{"id":81201,"date":"2023-03-07T11:06:37","date_gmt":"2023-03-07T08:06:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/demo5.teaser-cube.ru\/2023\/03\/07\/sk-vsetko-o-pestovani-suchej-fazule-a-hrachu\/"},"modified":"2023-03-07T11:06:37","modified_gmt":"2023-03-07T08:06:37","slug":"sk-vsetko-o-pestovani-suchej-fazule-a-hrachu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/sk\/2023\/03\/07\/sk-vsetko-o-pestovani-suchej-fazule-a-hrachu\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u0161etko o pestovan\u00ed suchej fazule a hrachu"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Such\u00e1 fazu\u013ea a hrach poskytuj\u00fa v jednej porcii to\u013eko bielkov\u00edn ako zn\u00e1me zdroje bielkov\u00edn, ako s\u00fa vajcia a tvaroh, a navy\u0161e obsahuj\u00fa vl\u00e1kninu a mno\u017estvo miner\u00e1lov. M\u00f4\u017eete jes\u0165 such\u00e9 semen\u00e1 z akejko\u013evek zelenej fazule alebo hrachu, ale niektor\u00e9 odrody fazule a hrachu pestovan\u00e9 pre ich vy\u0161\u0161ie v\u00fdnosy aromatick\u00fdch semien s vysok\u00fdm obsahom \u017eiv\u00edn s\u00fa vhodnej\u0161\u00edm vyu\u017eit\u00edm priestoru v z\u00e1hrade. Pri pestovan\u00ed suchej fazule a hrachu vo v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ine klimatick\u00fdch oblast\u00ed vys\u00e1dzajte po jarn\u00fdch plodin\u00e1ch, aby dozreli v suchom jesennom po\u010das\u00ed. Kvety strukov\u00edn pri\u0165ahuj\u00fa u\u017eito\u010dn\u00fd hmyz a v\u010faka schopnosti strukov\u00edn z\u00edskava\u0165 v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu dus\u00edka prostredn\u00edctvom spolupr\u00e1ce s bakt\u00e9riami \u017eij\u00facimi v p\u00f4de fazu\u013ea a hrach odoberaj\u00fa z p\u00f4dy menej \u017eiv\u00edn v porovnan\u00ed s v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou ostatn\u00fdch plod\u00edn.\n<\/p>\n<h2>Druhy suchej fazule a hrachu, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eete vysk\u00fa\u0161a\u0165<br \/>\n<\/h2>\n<p>K\u013e\u00fa\u010dom k pestovaniu suchej fazule a hrachu je v\u00fdber odr\u00f4d vhodn\u00fdch pre va\u0161e podnebie. Upozor\u0148ujeme, \u017ee v\u0161etky odrody suchej fazule a hrachu m\u00f4\u017eete zbiera\u0165 a vari\u0165 \u010derstv\u00e9, ke\u010f sa semen\u00e1 bl\u00ed\u017eia k zrelosti, alebo ich m\u00f4\u017eete necha\u0165 dozrie\u0165 do suchej, \u013eahko skladovate\u013enej podoby.\n<\/p>\n<p>Hr\u00e1\u0161ok na polievku (Pisum sativum) je plodina pestovan\u00e1 v chladnom po\u010das\u00ed podobne ako zelen\u00fd hrach, ale \u0161krobov\u00fd hr\u00e1\u0161ok na polievku je sk\u00f4r hladk\u00fd ako vr\u00e1s\u010dit\u00fd. Tento hrach odoln\u00fd vo\u010di mrazu by sa mal vys\u00e1dza\u0165 pomerne skoro, v chladnom jarnom po\u010das\u00ed. Odrody kr\u00ed\u010dkov\u00e9ho typu, ako napr\u00edklad &#8216;Gold Harvest&#8217;, tvoria pri pestovan\u00ed na \u0161irok\u00fdch z\u00e1honoch samonosn\u00e9 bloky, ale &#8216;Blue Pod Capucijners&#8217; a in\u00e9 vysok\u00e9 odrody bud\u00fa potrebova\u0165 pevn\u00fa mrie\u017eku. Hr\u00e1\u0161ok na polievku najlep\u0161ie rastie v chladnom severnom podneb\u00ed, v mierne kyslej a\u017e neutr\u00e1lnej p\u00f4de s pH od 5,5 do 7,0.\n<\/p>\n<p>Tradi\u010dn\u00e1 such\u00e1 fazu\u013ea (Phaseolus vulgaris) vyzer\u00e1 a rastie ako zelen\u00e1 fazu\u013ea, ale struky s\u00fa r\u00fdchlo pr\u00edli\u0161 tvrd\u00e9 a vl\u00e1knit\u00e9 na konzum\u00e1ciu. Novogr\u00f3nske dedi\u010dn\u00e9 fazule kr\u00ed\u010dkov\u00e9ho typu, vr\u00e1tane &#8216;Kenearly Yellow Eye&#8217; a &#8216;Jacob&#8217;Cattle,&#8217; zn\u00e1\u0161aj\u00fa chladn\u00e9 p\u00f4dne podmienky, tak\u017ee s\u00fa najlep\u0161ou fazu\u013eou na pestovanie tam, kde s\u00fa kr\u00e1tke a chladn\u00e9 let\u00e1. V teplej\u0161\u00edch oblastiach je rovnako spo\u013eahliv\u00e1 ako pekn\u00e1 aj hu\u0148at\u00e1, \u010diernobiela fazu\u013ea &#8216;Yin Yang&#8217; (zn\u00e1ma aj pod n\u00e1zvom &#8216;Calypso&#8217;). &#8216;Dwarf Horticultural&#8217; fazu\u013ea sa m\u00f4\u017ee vysieva\u0165 po jarn\u00fdch plodin\u00e1ch v oblastiach s dlh\u00fdm letom. T\u00e1to a in\u00e9 prav\u00e9 such\u00e9 fazule najlep\u0161ie rast\u00fa v takmer neutr\u00e1lnej p\u00f4de s pH medzi 6,5 a 7,0.\n<\/p>\n<p>Mnoh\u00ed z\u00e1hradk\u00e1ri uprednost\u0148uj\u00fa pestovanie suchej fazule ty\u010dov\u00e9ho typu, ktor\u00e1 sa pestuje na mrie\u017ekach alebo sa vysieva medzi kukuricu alebo slne\u010dnicu vo v\u00fd\u0161ke kolien. Dedi\u010dn\u00e9 dlhokvet\u00e9 odrody &#8212; vr\u00e1tane zlo\u017eito zna\u010den\u00fdch, hnedo-bielych &#8216;Hidatsa Shield&#8217; a bordovo-bielych &#8216;Good Mother Stallard&#8217; &#8212; sa bud\u00fa v mnoh\u00fdch klimatick\u00fdch podmienkach ochotne \u0161\u00fapa\u0165 po su\u0161iacej sa kukurici. Tam, kde s\u00fa letn\u00e9 noci tepl\u00e9 a vlhk\u00e9, s\u00fa &#8216;Turkey Craw&#8217; a &#8216;Mayflower&#8217; vynikaj\u00facimi fazu\u013eami na kukuri\u010dn\u00fdch poliach za predpokladu, \u017ee dozrej\u00fa v suchom jesennom po\u010das\u00ed.\n<\/p>\n<p>Fazu\u013eov\u00e9 struky (Phaseolus coccineus) s\u00fa v porovnan\u00ed s in\u00fdmi such\u00fdmi fazu\u013eami slad\u0161ie a ich n\u00e1padn\u00e9 kvety l\u00e1kaj\u00fa \u010dmeliaky. Fazu\u013ea m\u00e1 prospech z chladn\u00fdch noc\u00ed a v miernom podneb\u00ed sa pestuje \u013eah\u0161ie ako fazu\u013ea lima. Such\u00e9 semen\u00e1 s\u00fa ve\u013ek\u00e9, farebn\u00e9 a m\u00e4sit\u00e9, pripom\u00ednaj\u00face fazu\u013eu lima, ale maj\u00fa slad\u0161iu chu\u0165. &#8216;Scarlet Emperor&#8217; m\u00e1 fialovo-\u010dierne semen\u00e1. Semen\u00e1 brosky\u0148ovo-kvitn\u00facej &#8216;Sunset&#8217; s\u00fa takmer cel\u00e9 \u010dierne, zatia\u013e \u010do semen\u00e1 &#8216;Streamline&#8217; s\u00fa \u0161kvrnit\u00e9 \u010dierno-hned\u00e9. Fazu\u013ea uprednost\u0148uje p\u00f4du s takmer neutr\u00e1lnym pH medzi 6,0 a 7,0.\n<\/p>\n<p>Fazu\u013ea lima (Phaseolus lunatus) prospieva v teplom a vlhkom po\u010das\u00ed a \u010dasto je odoln\u00e1 vo\u010di \u0161kodcom, ktor\u00ed ob\u0165a\u017euj\u00fa be\u017en\u00fa fazu\u013eu. Ty\u010dkov\u00e9 odrody, vr\u00e1tane &#8216;Christmas&#8217; (&#8216;Large Speckled Calico&#8217;) a bielo-semennej &#8216;King of the Garden&#8217;, m\u00f4\u017eu prinies\u0165 obrovsk\u00e9 v\u00fdnosy, ak s\u00fa vybaven\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnou mrie\u017ekou. Bush &#8216;Jackson Wonder&#8217; mo\u017eno pestova\u0165 aj ako such\u00fa fazu\u013eu. Su\u0161en\u00e9 limy sa \u013eah\u0161ie l\u00fapu ako jemn\u00e9 zelen\u00e9. Fazu\u013ea lima uprednost\u0148uje mierne kysl\u00fa p\u00f4du s pH medzi 5,8 a 6,5.\n<\/p>\n<p>Hrach siaty (Vigna unguiculata), zn\u00e1my pod spolo\u010dn\u00fdm n\u00e1zvom &#8220;ju\u017en\u00fd hrach&#8221; alebo &#8220;po\u013en\u00fd hrach,&#8221; poch\u00e1dza z Afriky a zachoval si potrebu tepl\u00e9ho po\u010dasia. Leskl\u00e9 listy hrachu kravsk\u00e9ho nezauj\u00edmaj\u00fa be\u017en\u00fdch \u0161kodcov fazule a fialov\u00e9 kvety nasadzuj\u00fa plody aj vo vlhk\u00fdch hor\u00fa\u010dav\u00e1ch, tak\u017ee t\u00e1to plodina je ide\u00e1lna pre oblasti s hor\u00facim a vlhk\u00fdm letom. Odrody &#8216;Early Scarlet&#8217; a \u010fal\u0161ie kr\u00ed\u010dkovit\u00e9 odrody nasadzuj\u00fa struky vysoko, \u010do umo\u017e\u0148uje ich \u013eahk\u00e9 zbieranie, ale viac hrachu na \u0161tvorcov\u00fd meter z\u00edskate prostredn\u00edctvom poloplod\u00fdch odr\u00f4d, ako s\u00fa &#8216;Pinkeye Purple Hull,&#8217; &#8216;Mississippi Silver&#8217; hned\u00fd kru\u0161p\u00e1n a &#8216;Peking Black&#8217; kru\u0161p\u00e1n. Malosemenn\u00fd, takmer biely &#8216;Zipper Cream&#8217; je ve\u013emi ob\u013e\u00faben\u00fd pre svoje kr\u00e9mov\u00e9 kulin\u00e1rske vlastnosti a rastie v kr\u00edkovej forme. Hr\u00e1\u0161ok najlep\u0161ie rastie v mierne kyslej p\u00f4de s pH 5,5 a\u017e 6,5.\n<\/p>\n<p>Fazu\u013ea tepary (Phaseolus acutifolius) poch\u00e1dza z juhoz\u00e1padu a Mexika, kde je s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou tradi\u010dnej stravy u\u017e tis\u00edce rokov. Fazu\u013ea tepary sa pestuje po\u010das letn\u00e9ho obdobia da\u017e\u010fov. M\u00e1 men\u0161ie listy ako be\u017en\u00e1 fazu\u013ea a dobre sa prisp\u00f4sobuje z\u00e1sadit\u00fdm p\u00f4dam, ktor\u00e9 sa nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa v mnoh\u00fdch such\u00fdch klimatick\u00fdch oblastiach. Fazu\u013ea tepary je odoln\u00e1 vo\u010di hor\u00fa\u010dav\u00e1m a suchu, preto sa jej dar\u00ed v ka\u017edom podneb\u00ed s dostatkom tepla a obmedzenou vlhkos\u0165ou v neskor\u00fdch letn\u00fdch mesiacoch. Biele semen\u00e1 &#8216;Tohono O&#8217;odham White&#8217; a farebnej\u0161ie &#8216;Blue Speckled&#8217; s\u00fa vynikaj\u00facimi plodinami s n\u00edzkou starostlivos\u0165ou v oblastiach s hor\u00facim letom. Fazu\u013ea tepary najlep\u0161ie rastie v neutr\u00e1lnej a\u017e alkalickej p\u00f4de s pH bl\u00edzkym 7,0.\n<\/p>\n<h2>Kedy sadi\u0165 such\u00fa fazu\u013eu a hrach<br \/>\n<\/h2>\n<p>Na za\u010diatku jari zasejte hrach do \u00farodn\u00fdch z\u00e1honov \u0161tyri a\u017e \u0161es\u0165 t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov pred posledn\u00fdmi mrazmi. V\u0161etky ostatn\u00e9 druhy suchej fazule a hrachu s\u00fa teplomiln\u00e9 plodiny, ktor\u00e9 je najlep\u0161ie vysieva\u0165 koncom jari a v lete. Tieto semen\u00e1 vysievajte do \u00farodnej p\u00f4dy najsk\u00f4r dva t\u00fd\u017edne po d\u00e1tume posledn\u00fdch mrazov. V oblastiach s dlh\u00fdm letom m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 neskor\u0161ie v\u00fdsadby v j\u00fani v\u00fdhodu dozrievania po\u010das typicky such\u00e9ho po\u010dasia na za\u010diatku jesene, ke\u010f sa pri malom mno\u017estve da\u017e\u010fa zni\u017euje pravdepodobnos\u0165 zhnitia strukov. Tradi\u010dn\u00fa such\u00fa fazu\u013eu s kr\u00ed\u010dkovit\u00fdm vzrastom mo\u017eno v ka\u017edom podneb\u00ed vys\u00e1dza\u0165 a\u017e 90 dn\u00ed pred prv\u00fdm jesenn\u00fdm mrazom.\n<\/p>\n<h2>Zber a skladovanie<br \/>\n<\/h2>\n<p>Fazu\u013eu a hrach zberajte na su\u0161enie kedyko\u013evek po tom, ako struky zoschn\u00fa, a\u017e do ich zrel\u00e9ho vyfarbenia. (Napr\u00edklad struky fazule &#8216;Dwarf Horticultural&#8217; sa sfarbia do slonovinovej kosti s \u010derven\u00fdmi pruhmi, ke\u010f semen\u00e1 vo vn\u00fatri dosiahnu zrelos\u0165, zatia\u013e \u010do struky hrachu &#8216;Pinkeye Purple Hull&#8217; sa sfarbia do tmavofialova.) Zelen\u00fa fazu\u013eu a hrach m\u00f4\u017eete zbiera\u0165 na \u010derstv\u00e9 varenie sk\u00f4r, ale semen\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 chcete skladova\u0165, musia by\u0165 \u00faplne zrel\u00e9.\n<\/p>\n<p>Nechajte su\u0161iace sa struky na rastlin\u00e1ch \u010do najdlh\u0161ie, ale zberajte ich pred obdob\u00edm dlhotrvaj\u00facich da\u017e\u010fov. Ak nastane vlhk\u00e9 po\u010dasie pr\u00e1ve v \u010dase, ke\u010f by sa fazu\u013ea mala su\u0161i\u0165, vytiahnite rastliny a zaveste ich na such\u00e9 miesto hore nohami, k\u00fdm fazu\u013ea nebude dostato\u010dne such\u00e1 na to, aby ste ju mohli vybra\u0165 a vytriedi\u0165. Su\u0161iace sa struky z ty\u010dkov\u00fdch a be\u017en\u00fdch odr\u00f4d fazule zbierajte, ke\u010f sa zmenia na hned\u00e9 alebo hned\u00e9, a nechajte ich schn\u00fa\u0165 a\u017e do chrumkavosti v plytkej miske alebo debni\u010dke v interi\u00e9ri.\n<\/p>\n<p>Ml\u00e1tenie alebo &#8220;l\u00fapanie &#8221; je proces odstra\u0148ovania semien z fazu\u013eov\u00fdch strukov, ktor\u00fd m\u00f4\u017eete vykon\u00e1va\u0165 bu\u010f strojovo, alebo ru\u010dne. V dom\u00e1cej z\u00e1hrade vyl\u00fa\u0161tite ve\u013ek\u00fa \u00farodu suchej fazule alebo hrachu tak, \u017ee such\u00e9 struky polo\u017e\u00edte na plachtu a prech\u00e1dzan\u00edm po nich ich rozdrv\u00edte. Zozbierajte \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 semen\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 vypad\u00e1vaj\u00fa zo strukov, a odstr\u00e1\u0148te ne\u010distoty tak, \u017ee fazu\u013eu nieko\u013eko min\u00fat prelievate z jednej misy do druhej pred ventil\u00e1torom. \u010eal\u0161ou mo\u017enos\u0165ou pri mal\u00fdch \u00farod\u00e1ch je vlo\u017ei\u0165 struky do oblie\u010dky na vank\u00fa\u0161, oblie\u010dku pevne zaviaza\u0165 a vysu\u0161i\u0165 ju v teplej (nie hor\u00facej) su\u0161i\u010dke na bielize\u0148.\n<\/p>\n<p>Po vyl\u00fapan\u00ed a vy\u010disten\u00ed od zvy\u0161kov fazu\u013eu alebo hrach vlo\u017ete do otvoren\u00fdch misiek a nechajte ich dva t\u00fd\u017edne su\u0161i\u0165 pri izbovej teplote, pri\u010dom ich \u010dasto premie\u0161avajte. Ke\u010f s\u00fa semen\u00e1 tvrd\u00e9 a leskl\u00e9, odstr\u00e1\u0148te v\u0161etky scvrknut\u00e9 fazule (pom\u00f4c\u0165 m\u00f4\u017ee prelo\u017eenie fazule cez sito) a vytrieden\u00fa fazu\u013eu ulo\u017ete do vzduchotesn\u00fdch n\u00e1dob. Ak m\u00e1te podozrenie, \u017ee sa v uskladnenej fazuli alebo hrachu m\u00f4\u017eu nach\u00e1dza\u0165 hrabo\u0161e alebo in\u00fd hmyz, ulo\u017ete uzavret\u00e9 n\u00e1doby do mrazni\u010dky.\n<\/p>\n<h2>Ukladanie semien<br \/>\n<\/h2>\n<p>Z uskladnen\u00fdch semien fazule vyberte tie najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie a najdokonalej\u0161ie semen\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 si m\u00f4\u017eete ponecha\u0165 spolu so z\u00e1sobou z\u00e1hradn\u00fdch semien na op\u00e4tovn\u00fa v\u00fdsadbu. Ke\u010f\u017ee semen\u00e1 strukov\u00edn s\u00fa samoopeliv\u00e9, nie je pravdepodobn\u00e9, \u017ee by sa odrody skr\u00ed\u017eili, ak sa odrody rovnak\u00e9ho druhu nepestuj\u00fa ved\u013ea seba. Ak sa such\u00e9 semen\u00e1 fazule a hrachu skladuj\u00fa vo vzduchotesnej n\u00e1dobe na chladnom a tmavom mieste, zost\u00e1vaj\u00fa \u017eivotaschopn\u00e9 najmenej \u0161tyri roky.\n<\/p>\n<h2>Prevencia proti \u0161kodcom a chorob\u00e1m<br \/>\n<\/h2>\n<p>Cihlovo sfarben\u00e9, \u010dierne \u0161kvrny mexick\u00fdch fazu\u013eov\u00fdch chrob\u00e1kov \u010dasto klad\u00fa zhluky \u017elt\u00fdch vaj\u00ed\u010dok na listy fazule P. vulgaris a z vaj\u00ed\u010dok sa potom liahnu \u017elt\u00e9 larvy, ktor\u00e9 rozr\u00fdvaj\u00fa tkaniv\u00e1 z listov. Ru\u010dne zbierajte tohto \u0161kodcu vo v\u0161etk\u00fdch v\u00fdvojov\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1di\u00e1ch a na kontrolu \u013eahk\u00e9ho napadnutia sk\u00faste postrieka\u0165 hmyz a listy, ktor\u00e9 po\u017eiera, neemom. Vo ve\u013ek\u00fdch v\u00fdsadb\u00e1ch s rozlohou viac ako \u0161tvr\u0165 hekt\u00e1ra sk\u00faste vyp\u00fa\u0161\u0165a\u0165 u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9 osy Pediobius. Mexick\u00e9 fazu\u013eov\u00e9 chrob\u00e1ky nevadia kravsk\u00e9mu hrachu a maj\u00fa len mierny z\u00e1ujem o limuz\u00edny.\n<\/p>\n<p>No\u010dn\u00ed \u010derv\u00edci niekedy popadaj\u00fa semen\u00e1\u010diky fazule tak, \u017ee ich prere\u017e\u00fa na hranici p\u00f4dy. Diatomaceous earth (DE) posypan\u00e1 po povrchu p\u00f4dy m\u00f4\u017ee pom\u00f4c\u0165 zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 straty.\n<\/p>\n<p>So zberom alebo plet\u00edm fazule po\u010dkajte, k\u00fdm listy vyschn\u00fa, preto\u017ee hrdza fazu\u013eov\u00e1 a in\u00e9 choroby sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 listov\u00fdmi \u0161kvrnami sa m\u00f4\u017eu \u0161\u00edri\u0165 medzi rastlinami, ke\u010f s\u00fa listy mokr\u00e9.\n<\/p>\n<p>Such\u00e1 fazu\u013ea a hrach s\u00fa prirodzene kr\u00e1tkovek\u00e9 rastliny. Rastliny, ktor\u00e9 u\u017e nedosiahli svoj vrchol, ur\u00fdchlene vytrhnite a skompostujte, aby ste preru\u0161ili \u017eivotn\u00fd cyklus \u0161kodcov a chor\u00f4b.\n<\/p>\n<h2>\u010eal\u0161ie tipy na pestovanie suchej fazule a hrachu<br \/>\n<\/h2>\n<p>Ak m\u00e1te m\u00e1lo miesta, pestujte such\u00fa fazu\u013eu ako n\u00e1sledn\u00fa plodinu a zasa\u010fte ju hne\u010f po zbere jarn\u00fdch plod\u00edn.\n<\/p>\n<p>Nikdy nenam\u00e1\u010dajte semen\u00e1 fazule do vody, aby ste ur\u00fdchlili kl\u00ed\u010denie, preto\u017ee to m\u00f4\u017ee v\u00e1\u017ene po\u0161kodi\u0165 rast\u00faci z\u00e1rodok fazule t\u00fdm, \u017ee ho priprav\u00ed o potrebn\u00fd kysl\u00edk.\n<\/p>\n<p>Hnojte mierne, preto\u017ee z prekrmovanej suchej fazule vyrast\u00fa mon\u0161tru\u00f3zne rastliny, ktor\u00e9 ned\u00e1vaj\u00fa dobr\u00fa \u00farodu. Fazu\u013ea lima je obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 citliv\u00e1 na nadmern\u00e9 hnojenie.\n<\/p>\n<p>V z\u00e1hrade troch sestier &#8212; ktor\u00e1 zah\u0155\u0148a fazu\u013eu, tekvicu a kukuricu alebo slne\u010dnicu &#8212; such\u00e1 fazu\u013ea bude fungova\u0165 lep\u0161ie ako strukoviny, preto\u017ee sa m\u00f4\u017ee zbiera\u0165 neskoro, \u010do si vy\u017eaduje men\u0161ie vyru\u0161ovanie tekvicov\u00fdch vin\u00edc.\n<\/p>\n<p>Ak s\u00fa struky strukov\u00edn tak\u00e9 such\u00e9, \u017ee sa pri zbere rozbij\u00fa, pred zberom rastliny mierne navlh\u010dite vodou alebo ich zbierajte r\u00e1no, ke\u010f s\u00fa rastliny mokr\u00e9 od rosy.\n<\/p>\n<p>Vyh\u013eadajte zdroje odr\u00f4d fazule a hrachu uveden\u00fdch v tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku pomocou n\u00e1\u0161ho vyh\u013ead\u00e1va\u010da semien a rastl\u00edn.\n<\/p>\n<h2>Pou\u017e\u00edvanie suchej fazule a hrachu v kuchyni<br \/>\n<\/h2>\n<p>Such\u00e1 fazu\u013ea a hrach maj\u00fa p\u00f4sobiv\u00fd v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00fd profil: Jedna \u0161\u00e1lka varen\u00fdch such\u00fdch strukov\u00edn obsahuje pribli\u017ene 15 gramov bielkov\u00edn a ve\u013ea mang\u00e1nu, vl\u00e1kniny, vitam\u00ednov skupiny B a \u017eeleza. Such\u00fa fazu\u013eu pred varen\u00edm dobre prepl\u00e1chnite v studenej vode. Ak pou\u017e\u00edvate tlakov\u00fd hrniec, opl\u00e1chnut\u00fa fazu\u013eu varte 15 a\u017e 30 min\u00fat. Ak pl\u00e1nujete vari\u0165 such\u00fa fazu\u013eu na spor\u00e1ku, namo\u010dte ju do vody izbovej teploty na 6 a\u017e 12 hod\u00edn v z\u00e1vislosti od ve\u013ekosti. Potom ich sce\u010fte a varte na miernom ohni 2 a\u017e 3 hodiny. Pomaly varen\u00fa fazu\u013eu v\u00fddatne ochu\u0165te cesnakom, bobkov\u00fdm listom alebo tymianom. Uvaren\u00fa fazu\u013eu m\u00f4\u017eete vari\u0165 na tepl\u00fa polievku alebo \u010dili, marinova\u0165 do \u0161al\u00e1tov, pripravi\u0165 z nej pyr\u00e9 do dipov alebo n\u00e1tierok alebo ju roztla\u010di\u0165 na plnenie burritos alebo enchilady.\n<\/p>\n<h2>Ako sadi\u0165 such\u00fa fazu\u013eu a hrach<br \/>\n<\/h2>\n<p>Dobre odvodnen\u00fa p\u00f4du uvo\u013enite do h\u013abky aspo\u0148 12 cm. Primie\u0161ajte 1-centimetrov\u00fa vrstvu zrel\u00e9ho kompostu a, ak m\u00e1te, aj hrs\u0165 p\u00f4dy zo z\u00e1honu, na ktorom v predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facom roku r\u00e1stol ten ist\u00fd druh fazule alebo hrachu (aby ste pomohli nao\u010dkova\u0165 p\u00f4du bakt\u00e9riami via\u017eucimi dus\u00edk). Semen\u00e1 zasa\u010fte 1 palec hlboko a 3 palce od seba. Hr\u00e1\u0161ok na polievku neriedite, preto\u017ee rastie najlep\u0161ie, ke\u010f je stiesnen\u00fd. Fazu\u013eu kr\u00ed\u010dkovit\u00fa riedite na vzdialenos\u0165 4 a\u017e 6 palcov; fazu\u013eu na polievku, limuz\u00ednu a poloplod\u00fd hrach na vzdialenos\u0165 10 palcov. Such\u00e1 fazu\u013ea a hrach rodia naraz na rozprestieraj\u00facich sa vetv\u00e1ch, tak\u017ee potrebuj\u00fa v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie rozostupy ako fazu\u013ea.\n<\/p>\n<p>Pri pestovan\u00ed suchej fazule na kukuri\u010dn\u00fdch stonk\u00e1ch alebo slne\u010dniciach po\u010dkajte, k\u00fdm podkladov\u00e1 plodina nedosiahne v\u00fd\u0161ku 18 cm, a semen\u00e1 fazule zasa\u010fte na najslne\u010dnej\u0161iu stranu kukurice alebo slne\u010dnice. Ke\u010f sa oporn\u00e1 plodina prevr\u00e1ti pod v\u00e1hou fazule, mo\u017eno bude potrebn\u00e9 nain\u0161talova\u0165 koly, aby sa potuluj\u00face sa vini\u010dn\u00e9 kr\u00edky mali kde priviaza\u0165. \u0160tyri alebo p\u00e4\u0165metrov\u00e9 koly umiestnen\u00e9 ka\u017ed\u00e9 dva metre v radoch polodrevnat\u00e9ho hrachu pom\u00f4\u017eu podpori\u0165 a zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 produktivitu rastl\u00edn, ktor\u00e9 \u010dasto dosahuj\u00fa v\u00fd\u0161ku 4 metre. Fazu\u013ea lima je celosez\u00f3nna plodina, ktor\u00e1 si vy\u017eaduje pevn\u00fa mrie\u017eku vysok\u00fa aspo\u0148 6 st\u00f4p.\n<\/p>\n<p>Podrobnosti o pestovan\u00ed mnoh\u00fdch \u010fal\u0161\u00edch druhov zeleniny a ovocia n\u00e1jdete na str\u00e1nke na\u0161ej zbierky Plodiny v skratke.\n<\/p>\n<p>Redaktorka Barbara Pleasant z\u00e1hradn\u00ed\u010di v juhoz\u00e1padnej Virg\u00ednii, kde pestuje zeleninu, bylinky, ovocie, kvety a nieko\u013eko \u0161\u0165astn\u00fdch sliepok.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Such\u00e1 fazu\u013ea a hrach poskytuj\u00fa v jednej porcii to\u013eko bielkov\u00edn ako zn\u00e1me zdroje bielkov\u00edn, ako s\u00fa vajcia a tvaroh, a navy\u0161e obsahuj\u00fa vl\u00e1kninu a mno\u017estvo miner\u00e1lov. M\u00f4\u017eete jes\u0165 such\u00e9 semen\u00e1 z akejko\u013evek zelenej fazule alebo hrachu, ale niektor\u00e9 odrody fazule a hrachu pestovan\u00e9 pre ich vy\u0161\u0161ie v\u00fdnosy aromatick\u00fdch semien s vysok\u00fdm obsahom \u017eiv\u00edn s\u00fa vhodnej\u0161\u00edm [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":81210,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[122],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-81201","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-vegetables"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/81201","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=81201"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/81201\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/81210"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=81201"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=81201"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=81201"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}