Spl\u0148te si svoj sen o pestovan\u00ed jah\u00f4d v\u010faka tejto pr\u00edru\u010dke o tom, ako jahody rast\u00fa, kedy ich sadi\u0165, ak\u00e9 s\u00fa r\u00f4zne druhy jah\u00f4d a \u010fal\u0161ie inform\u00e1cie. Nau\u010dte sa pestova\u0165 jahody e\u0161te dnes!\n<\/p>\n
Prv\u00e9 letn\u00e9 plody, dom\u00e1ce jahody, s\u00fa tis\u00edckr\u00e1t chutnej\u0161ie ako tvrd\u00e9 jahody bez chuti zo supermarketov. Jahody s\u00fa odoln\u00e9 vo\u010di chladu a prisp\u00f4sobiv\u00e9, \u010do z nich rob\u00ed jedno z najjednoduch\u0161\u00edch bobu\u013eov\u00edn na pestovanie. Pestovanie jah\u00f4d v n\u00e1dob\u00e1ch je r\u00fdchlym rie\u0161en\u00edm na malom priestore a dar\u00ed sa im aj vo vyv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdch z\u00e1honoch.\n<\/p>\n
Pestovanie jah\u00f4d si vy\u017eaduje slnko a kysl\u00fa p\u00f4du s pH 5,5 a\u017e 6,5. Jahody vys\u00e1dzajte u\u017e \u0161es\u0165 t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov pred posledn\u00fdmi mrazmi. Na ochranu nov\u00fdch v\u00fdsadieb pred extr\u00e9mnym chladom a vetrom pou\u017e\u00edvajte kryty na riadky. Rastliny m\u00f4\u017eete vysadi\u0165 aj na jese\u0148, \u010do je be\u017en\u00fd postup tam, kde s\u00fa zimy mierne.\n<\/p>\n
Vyberte si slne\u010dn\u00e9, \u00farodn\u00e9 miesto bez trval\u00fdch bur\u00edn. Jahodov\u00fd z\u00e1hon bude dobre rodi\u0165 3 a\u017e 4 roky, preto miesto oboha\u0165te mno\u017estvom organickej hmoty. Pre v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu druhov jah\u00f4d s\u00fa ide\u00e1lne vyv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 z\u00e1hony alebo sadenice, ktor\u00e9 navy\u0161e u\u013eah\u010duj\u00fa zber plodov.\n<\/p>\n
Nieko\u013eko odr\u00f4d sa d\u00e1 vypestova\u0165 zo semien, ale v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina z\u00e1hradk\u00e1rov u\u0161etr\u00ed 1 a\u017e 2 roky pestovania t\u00fdm, \u017ee vysad\u00ed jednotliv\u00e9 rastliny pestovan\u00e9 v kontajneroch alebo spiace rastliny s hol\u00fdmi kore\u0148mi, ktor\u00e9 sa pred\u00e1vaj\u00fa vo zv\u00e4zkoch. Jednotliv\u00e9 rastliny pres\u00e1dzajte do rovnakej h\u013abky, v akej r\u00e1stli v n\u00e1dob\u00e1ch. Rozlo\u017ete zv\u00e4zky rastl\u00edn a odstr\u00e1\u0148te v\u0161etky odumret\u00e9 listy a korene. N\u00e1jdite centr\u00e1lnu korunku a presa\u010fte ju tak, aby z\u00e1klad\u0148a korunky spo\u010d\u00edvala na hranici p\u00f4dy a korene boli rozlo\u017een\u00e9. Medzi v\u0161etk\u00fdmi rastlinami jah\u00f4d mul\u010dujte borovicov\u00fdm ihli\u010d\u00edm, nasekan\u00fdm l\u00edst\u00edm alebo in\u00fdm mul\u010dom, ktor\u00fd podporuje kysl\u00e9 p\u00f4dne podmienky.\n<\/p>\n
N\u00e1roky na priestor sa l\u00ed\u0161ia pod\u013ea typu a odrody jah\u00f4d. Tie, ktor\u00e9 produkuj\u00fa ve\u013ea siln\u00fdch odno\u017e\u00ed, by sa mali vys\u00e1dza\u0165 18 palcov od seba (do konca leta vyplnia v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu vo\u013en\u00e9ho priestoru). Jahody vysokohorsk\u00e9, ktor\u00e9 nevytv\u00e1raj\u00fa rozchodn\u00edky — ako napr\u00edklad ‘Mignonette’ —, vys\u00e1dzajte na vzdialenos\u0165 12 palcov v z\u00e1honoch alebo 8 palcov v n\u00e1dob\u00e1ch.\n<\/p>\n
Po jarnej v\u00fdsadbe odtrhnite kvety, ktor\u00e9 sa vytvoria na j\u00fanov\u00fdch odrod\u00e1ch v ich prvej sez\u00f3ne. Pri st\u00e1le rodiacich odrod\u00e1ch (najm\u00e4 alpsk\u00fdch) m\u00f4\u017ee od\u0161tipovanie prv\u00fdch kvetov vies\u0165 k lep\u0161ej produkcii nesk\u00f4r dozrievaj\u00facich plodov s intenz\u00edvnej\u0161ou chu\u0165ou. Pri siln\u00fdch odrod\u00e1ch od\u0161tipnite pribli\u017ene polovicu kvetov, aby ste pomohli matersk\u00fdm rastlin\u00e1m s\u00fastredi\u0165 sa na \u00farodu v nasleduj\u00facom roku.\n<\/p>\n
Ak nepotrebujete viac rastl\u00edn, odstr\u00e1nen\u00edm v\u0161etk\u00fdch v\u00fdhonkov zo st\u00e1le rodiacich odr\u00f4d zv\u00fd\u0161ite produkciu ve\u013ek\u00fdch a \u0161\u0165avnat\u00fdch bob\u00fa\u013e.\n<\/p>\n
Z\u00e1hony s j\u00fanov\u00fdmi jahodami obnovujte v lete, po skon\u010den\u00ed obdobia plodenia. Vytrhajte burinu a rastliny prerie\u010fte na vzdialenos\u0165 6 palcov. Pokoste alebo odstrihnite star\u00e9 listy 4 cm od zeme a medzi rastliny rozmiestnite \u013eahk\u00fa aplik\u00e1ciu vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00e9ho organick\u00e9ho hnojiva. Na obnoven\u00fd z\u00e1hon nasypte pol centimetra kompostu bez buriny alebo \u00farodnej z\u00e1hradnej p\u00f4dy. Takto vysaden\u00fdch 25 j\u00fanov\u00fdch jah\u00f4d na z\u00e1hone s rozlohou 30 \u0161tvorcov\u00fdch st\u00f4p prinesie ro\u010dne pribli\u017ene 25 litrov (takmer 30 kilogramov) jah\u00f4d po\u010das 3 a\u017e 4 rokov.\n<\/p>\n
V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina jah\u00f4d vytv\u00e1ra rozchodn\u00edky, ktor\u00e9 sa daj\u00fa nau\u010di\u0165 zakoreni\u0165 na s\u013eubn\u00fdch miestach. Koncom leta alebo hne\u010f na jar ich vyzdvihnite a premiestnite. Odrody, ktor\u00e9 nevytv\u00e1raj\u00fa odno\u017ee, mo\u017eno rozdeli\u0165 a presadi\u0165, najlep\u0161ie skoro na jar.\n<\/p>\n
Slim\u00e1ky a ulitn\u00edky v noci pre\u017e\u00favaj\u00fa okr\u00fahle otvory v ovoc\u00ed a cez de\u0148 sa ukr\u00fdvaj\u00fa v mul\u010di. Bojujte proti nim ru\u010dn\u00fdm zberom, do\u010dasn\u00fdm stiahnut\u00edm mul\u010da a ich chytan\u00edm do pasc\u00ed. Kr\u00e1de\u017eiam od vt\u00e1kov pred\u00eddete tak, \u017ee v \u010dase dozrievania prv\u00fdch plodov zakryjete z\u00e1hon sie\u0165kou.\n<\/p>\n
Jahody m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 oslaben\u00e9 viacer\u00fdmi chorobami sp\u00f4soben\u00fdmi listov\u00fdmi \u0161kvrnami, ktor\u00e9 mo\u017eno preru\u0161i\u0165 kosen\u00edm alebo odrezan\u00edm listov uprostred leta.\n<\/p>\n
Pri star\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdsadb\u00e1ch sa \u010dasto vyskytuj\u00fa probl\u00e9my s kore\u0148ovou hnilobou. Ka\u017ed\u00fdch 4 a\u017e 5 rokov zalo\u017ete nov\u00fd z\u00e1hon na novom mieste.\n<\/p>\n
Druhy jah\u00f4d sa l\u00ed\u0161ia svojimi rastov\u00fdmi zvyklos\u0165ami a \u010dasom plodenia. Ak chcete dosiahnu\u0165 dlh\u0161iu produktivitu a jedine\u010dn\u00fa chu\u0165, zv\u00e1\u017ete pestovanie viacer\u00fdch druhov.\n<\/p>\n
Odrody: ‘Earliglow,’ ‘Honeoye,’ ‘Jewel,’ ‘Sparkle’\n<\/p>\n
J\u00fanov\u00e9 jahody (Fragaria x ananassa) rast\u00fa v mnoh\u00fdch klimatick\u00fdch podmienkach, pri\u010dom svoju \u00farodu vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa po\u010das troch t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov od konca jari do za\u010diatku leta. Najodolnej\u0161ie odrody pre\u017eij\u00fa zimn\u00e9 teploty do m\u00ednus 30 stup\u0148ov Celzia. Rastliny vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa ve\u013ea v\u00fdhonkov a rast\u00fa ako p\u00f4dny kryt alebo ako matn\u00e9 rady. V\u010faka svojej ranosti, vysokej kvalite a koncentrovan\u00fdm plodom s\u00fa j\u00fanov\u00e9 odrody najlep\u0161ie na konzervovanie.\n<\/p>\n
Odrody: ‘Albion,’ ‘Evie 2,’ ‘Mara Des Bois,’ ‘Seascape’\n<\/p>\n
St\u00e1le rodiace jahody (F. x ananassa), naz\u00fdvan\u00e9 aj denn\u00e9 neutr\u00e1lne jahody, vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa za\u010diatkom leta bohat\u00fa sadu bob\u00fa\u013e, po ktorej nasleduje nieko\u013eko \u013eah\u0161\u00edch zberov koncom leta a na jese\u0148. Na dobr\u00fa \u00farodu po\u010das celej sez\u00f3ny potrebuj\u00fa n\u00edzke no\u010dn\u00e9 teploty (pod 65 \u00b0C). S\u00fa to vynikaj\u00face jahody do ve\u013ek\u00fdch n\u00e1dob alebo vyv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdch z\u00e1honov, kde im m\u00f4\u017eete poskytn\u00fa\u0165 pozorn\u00fa z\u00e1lievku a pravideln\u00e9 k\u0155menie. Nie s\u00fa tak\u00e9 mrazuvzdorn\u00e9 ako j\u00fanov\u00e9, ale niektor\u00e9 odrody dok\u00e1\u017eu pre\u017ei\u0165 aj teploty m\u00ednus 15 stup\u0148ov.\n<\/p>\n
Odrody: ‘Alexandria,’ ‘Mignonette,’ ‘Rugen’\n<\/p>\n
Alpsk\u00e9 jahody (F. vesca) rodia desiatkov\u00e9 bobule s intenz\u00edvnou chu\u0165ou, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 v z\u00e1vislosti od odrody \u010derven\u00e9, \u017elt\u00e9 alebo biele. Mnoh\u00e9 odrody sa daj\u00fa pestova\u0165 zo semien, s\u00fa mrazuvzdorn\u00e9 do m\u00ednus 20 stup\u0148ov a nevytv\u00e1raj\u00fa rozchodn\u00edky, tak\u017ee sa daj\u00fa \u013eahko pestova\u0165 v n\u00e1dob\u00e1ch alebo na vyv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdch z\u00e1honoch, ale kvitn\u00fa a plodia s prest\u00e1vkami cel\u00e9 leto. Vzh\u013eadom na ich mal\u00fa ve\u013ekos\u0165 sa alpsk\u00e9 jahody naj\u013eah\u0161ie zbieraj\u00fa, ak sa pestuj\u00fa na vyv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdch z\u00e1honoch alebo v priestrann\u00fdch kvetin\u00e1\u010doch. Mal\u00e9 plody s ve\u013ekou chu\u0165ou sa najlep\u0161ie zbieraj\u00fa zrel\u00e9 a konzumuj\u00fa \u010derstv\u00e9.\n<\/p>\n
Odrody: ‘Capron,’ ‘Profumata di Tortona,’ ‘Rosea’\n<\/p>\n
Jahody pi\u017emov\u00e9 (F. moschata) vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa mal\u00e9 plody s ostrou v\u00f4\u0148ou a intenz\u00edvnou chu\u0165ou. Plody b\u00fdvaj\u00fa vz\u00e1cne a je ich m\u00e1lo; ich po\u010det zlep\u0161ite pridan\u00edm sam\u010d\u00edch rastl\u00edn ka\u017ed\u00fdch p\u00e1r rokov. Nezvy\u010dajne vysok\u00e9, mohutn\u00e9 rastliny vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa hust\u00fd p\u00f4dny kryt, ktor\u00fd m\u00f4\u017ee udusi\u0165 burinu. Jahody pi\u017emov\u00e9 s\u00fa pr\u00edli\u0161 radostn\u00e9 pre n\u00e1doby a s\u00fa mrazuvzdorn\u00e9 minim\u00e1lne do m\u00ednus 10 stup\u0148ov.\n<\/p>\n
V ka\u017edom ro\u010dnom obdob\u00ed o\u010dak\u00e1vajte ur\u010dit\u00e9 zmeny chuti. Chladn\u00e9 a vlhk\u00e9 jari ved\u00fa k m\u00e4kk\u00fdm, vodnat\u00fdm plodom, zatia\u013e \u010do ve\u013ea tepl\u00e9ho slnka prin\u00e1\u0161a pevnej\u0161ie a slad\u0161ie plody.\n<\/p>\n
Zbierajte jahody s kr\u00e1tkym zelen\u00fdm stonkom. Zbierajte ich v chladnom r\u00e1nku a ihne\u010f ich ulo\u017ete do chladni\u010dky. Po\u010dkajte, k\u00fdm sa jahody tesne pred konzum\u00e1ciou alebo konzervovan\u00edm umyj\u00fa pod studenou te\u010d\u00facou vodou a odstr\u00e1nia sa z nich zelen\u00e9 \u010diapo\u010dky. Ak chcete dosiahnu\u0165 optim\u00e1lnu chu\u0165 a farbu, jahody uchov\u00e1vajte do troch dn\u00ed.\n<\/p>\n
Hojn\u00e1 hrs\u0165 \u010derstv\u00fdch jah\u00f4d v\u00e1m dod\u00e1 denn\u00fa d\u00e1vku vitam\u00ednu C, mang\u00e1nu a desiatky \u010fal\u0161\u00edch \u017eiv\u00edn. Vhodn\u00e9 s\u00fa aj mandle, m\u00e4ta, pomaran\u010de, ostr\u00e9 syry alebo \u010dokol\u00e1da. Jahody sa dobre kombinuj\u00fa s rebarborou v kol\u00e1\u010doch, tortoch a dokonca aj vo v\u00edne. Nedokonal\u00e9 plody zamrazte a pou\u017eite ich do smoothies alebo muffinov a in\u00e9ho r\u00fdchleho pe\u010diva.\n<\/p>\n
Jahody m\u00f4\u017eete zamrazi\u0165 cel\u00e9 tak, \u017ee ich d\u00e1te such\u00e9 na plech na su\u0161ienky, k\u00fdm nestuhn\u00fa, a potom ich prelo\u017e\u00edte do n\u00e1doby vhodnej na mrazenie. Jahodov\u00e9 d\u017eemy alebo konzervy m\u00f4\u017eete spracova\u0165 v konzerv\u00e1rni vo vodnom k\u00fapeli. (Pozri \u010das\u0165 Konzervovanie jah\u00f4d: Pre niektor\u00e9 “dobr\u00e9 recepty na d\u017eemy z lesn\u00fdch plodov” n\u00e1jdete jednoduch\u00e9 recepty na pred\u013a\u017eenie sez\u00f3ny jah\u00f4d.) Su\u0161en\u00e9 jahodov\u00e9 pl\u00e1tky a jahodov\u00e1 ko\u017ea sa \u013eahko pripravuj\u00fa v dehydr\u00e1tori.\n<\/p>\n
Podrobnosti o pestovan\u00ed mnoh\u00fdch \u010fal\u0161\u00edch druhov zeleniny a ovocia n\u00e1jdete na str\u00e1nke na\u0161ej zbierky Plodiny v skratke.\n<\/p>\n
Ak chcete z\u00edska\u0165 pomoc s term\u00ednmi v\u00fdsadby, rozmiestnen\u00edm a \u010fal\u0161\u00edmi aspektmi pl\u00e1novania z\u00e1hrady, ur\u010dite si pozrite n\u00e1\u0161 \u00fa\u017easn\u00fd online pl\u00e1nova\u010d zeleninov\u00fdch z\u00e1hrad.\n<\/p>\n
Redaktorka Barbara Pleasant z\u00e1hradn\u00ed\u010di v juhoz\u00e1padnej Virg\u00ednii, kde pestuje zeleninu, bylinky, ovocie, kvety a nieko\u013eko \u0161\u0165astn\u00fdch sliepok.\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Spl\u0148te si svoj sen o pestovan\u00ed jah\u00f4d v\u010faka tejto pr\u00edru\u010dke o tom, ako jahody rast\u00fa, kedy ich sadi\u0165, ak\u00e9 s\u00fa r\u00f4zne druhy jah\u00f4d a \u010fal\u0161ie inform\u00e1cie. Nau\u010dte sa pestova\u0165 jahody e\u0161te dnes! Prv\u00e9 letn\u00e9 plody, dom\u00e1ce jahody, s\u00fa tis\u00edckr\u00e1t chutnej\u0161ie ako tvrd\u00e9 jahody bez chuti zo supermarketov. Jahody s\u00fa odoln\u00e9 vo\u010di chladu a prisp\u00f4sobiv\u00e9, \u010do […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":79806,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[115],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-79797","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-fruits"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79797","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=79797"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79797\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/79806"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=79797"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=79797"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=79797"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}