{"id":81923,"date":"2023-03-07T11:35:09","date_gmt":"2023-03-07T08:35:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/demo5.teaser-cube.ru\/2023\/03\/07\/lv-vietejas-kukuruzas-skirnes\/"},"modified":"2023-03-07T11:35:09","modified_gmt":"2023-03-07T08:35:09","slug":"lv-vietejas-kukuruzas-skirnes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/2023\/03\/07\/lv-vietejas-kukuruzas-skirnes\/","title":{"rendered":"Viet\u0113j\u0101s kukur\u016bzas \u0161\u0137irnes"},"content":{"rendered":"

Pirms doties uz savu iecien\u012bt\u0101ko viet\u0113jo vietu, lai ieg\u0101d\u0101tos noder\u012bgas, bet ne p\u0101r\u0101k iedvesmojo\u0161as F1 hibr\u012bdu cukurkukur\u016bzas \u0161\u0137irnes, apsveriet iesp\u0113ju \u0161ogad d\u0101rz\u0101 atv\u0113l\u0113t vietu kam mazliet negaid\u012bt\u0101kam. Ticiet vai n\u0113, bet tas, ko vairums cilv\u0113ku parasti apz\u012bm\u0113 k\u0101 “Indijas kukur\u016bzu” paties\u012bb\u0101 ir br\u012bni\u0161\u0137\u012bgi daudzveid\u012bgas \u0161\u0137irnes, un visas ir \u0113damas. Mums Amerikas Savienotaj\u0101s Valst\u012bs vienk\u0101r\u0161i ir izveidojusies sava veida amn\u0113zija. Lai b\u016btu piln\u012bgi god\u012bgi, paties\u012bb\u0101 visa kukur\u016bza ir Indijas kukur\u016bza. Kukur\u016bzas vienk\u0101r\u0161ais skaistums main\u012bja \u0113dienus vis\u0101 pasaul\u0113 l\u012bdz ar Kolumbijas apmai\u0146u. M\u0101sa kukur\u016bza ir peln\u012bjusi, lai tai tiktu velt\u012bts laiks uzman\u012bbas centr\u0101 par visu t\u0101s ieguld\u012bjumu m\u016bsu uztur\u0101.\n<\/p>\n

Biolo\u0123isk\u0101 daudzveid\u012bba. Pamatiedz\u012bvot\u0101ji, kas veido maz\u0101k nek\u0101 5 procentus pasaules iedz\u012bvot\u0101ju, aizsarg\u0101 80 procentus pasaules biolo\u0123isk\u0101s daudzveid\u012bbas. \u0145emot v\u0113r\u0101 laikapst\u0101k\u013cu ekstr\u0113mos apst\u0101k\u013cus, ko piedz\u012bvojam, daudzas no \u0161\u012bm senaj\u0101m \u0161\u0137irn\u0113m, ko m\u016bsu sen\u010di lauksaimnieki mums izaudz\u0113ja, var b\u016bt atbilde uz klimata kr\u012bzi. Da\u017ei no \u0161iem augiem ir piel\u0101goju\u0161ies t\u0101, lai tiem b\u016btu nepiecie\u0161ams maz \u016bdens vai lai to dz\u012bves cikls b\u016btu \u012bss. Iesp\u0113jams, ka tie\u0161i tie ir atbilde uz m\u016bsu lauksaimniec\u012bbas att\u012bst\u012bbu, lai piel\u0101gotos klimata p\u0101rmai\u0146\u0101m.\n<\/p>\n

Kult\u016bras saglab\u0101\u0161ana. M\u016bsu kaulu putek\u013ci un asinis jau t\u016bksto\u0161iem paaud\u017eu ir sajauku\u0161\u0101s ar kukur\u016bzas sakn\u0113m un \u0161o zemi. Ir \u013coti svar\u012bgi saglab\u0101t \u0161\u012bs ret\u0101k sastopam\u0101s \u0161\u0137irnes, no kur\u0101m rad\u0101s visa m\u016bsdienu komerci\u0101l\u0101 kukur\u016bza. Katra s\u0113kla atspogu\u013co t\u016bksto\u0161iem gadu ilgus aug\u0161anas periodus un iecien\u012bt\u0101s \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas, un \u0161\u012bs s\u0113klas m\u016bsu sen\u010di r\u016bp\u012bgi atlas\u012bja k\u0101 sol\u012bjumu veiksm\u012bgai ra\u017eai n\u0101kotn\u0113, lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu n\u0101kamo paaud\u017eu izdz\u012bvo\u0161anu. Turpiniet t\u0101s s\u0113t, turpiniet \u0161o ciklu gadu no gada un saglab\u0101jiet m\u016bsu viet\u0113j\u0101s kukur\u016bzas daudzveid\u012bbu no pazu\u0161anas.\n<\/p>\n

Klimata iztur\u0113tsp\u0113ja. Klimata p\u0101rmai\u0146as ietekm\u0113 ne tikai augus un dz\u012bvniekus, bet ar\u012b m\u016bs. M\u0113s esam att\u012bst\u012bju\u0161ies dab\u0101, un m\u016bs no t\u0101s nevar no\u0161\u0137irt, lai cik liela vai bl\u012bvi apdz\u012bvota b\u016btu aglomer\u0101cija, kur\u0101 m\u0113s dz\u012bvojam. Klimats ir bar\u012bbas \u0137\u0113des pamats, kas m\u016bs visus saista, un mums ir j\u0101nodro\u0161ina t\u0101 saglab\u0101\u0161ana. Neparasti kult\u016braugi var b\u016bt ar \u012bpa\u0161\u012bb\u0101m, kas pal\u012bdz\u0113s mums p\u0101rvar\u0113t jaunus klimata apst\u0101k\u013cus.\n<\/p>\n

Nia Skamonikikikonal (Mani kukur\u016bzas lauki)
\n<\/h2>\n
<\/figure>\n

\u013baujiet man iepaz\u012bstin\u0101t j\u016bs ar man\u0101m 10 iecien\u012bt\u0101kaj\u0101m kukur\u016bzas \u0161\u0137irn\u0113m. Katra no t\u0101m ir unik\u0101la, un tai ir \u012bpa\u0161a vieta \u0161aj\u0101 slavenaj\u0101 triumvir\u0101t\u0101 - sv\u0113taj\u0101 Triju m\u0101su d\u0101rz\u0101. Es neesmu ne zin\u0101tnieks, ne zin\u0101tnieks, bet mans Rad\u012bt\u0101js un sen\u010di man ir uztic\u0113ju\u0161i atbild\u012bbu saglab\u0101t sen\u010du zin\u0101\u0161anas n\u0101kamaj\u0101m paaudz\u0113m. Man ir \u0161\u012bs zin\u0101\u0161anas glab\u0101t un saudz\u012bgi nodot n\u0101kotn\u0113, lai m\u016bsu s\u0113klas un to st\u0101sti barotu un stiprin\u0101tu m\u016bsu b\u0113rnus un mazb\u0113rnus. \u0160ajos divdesmit gados, kop\u0161 nodarbojos ar lauksaimniec\u012bbu, es no d\u0101rza esmu iem\u0101c\u012bjies vair\u0101k, nek\u0101 jebkad dom\u0101ju, ka ir iesp\u0113jams. D\u0101rzs m\u0101ca paciet\u012bbu un neatlaid\u012bbu un \u013cauj tiem, kas bija pirms mums, dz\u012bvot t\u0101l\u0101k caur m\u016bsu darbu d\u0101rz\u0101. Gadu no gada saglab\u0101jot s\u0113klas, m\u0113s k\u013c\u016bstam par da\u013cu no \u0161\u012b st\u0101sta. Bez m\u016bsu sen\u010du darba \u0161\u012bs s\u0113klas \u0161odien neb\u016btu m\u016bsu rok\u0101s. \u0160\u012bs s\u0113klas ir d\u0101vana n\u0101kamaj\u0101m paaudz\u0113m. Mums j\u0101str\u0101d\u0101 kop\u0101, lai saglab\u0101tu \u0161o gudr\u012bbas mantojumu, izmantojot biolo\u0123isko daudzveid\u012bbu.\n<\/p>\n

<\/figure>\n

‘Abenaki Rose.’ Tas ir mantojum\u0101 saglab\u0101jies flintkukur\u016bzs, kas ir tuvs manai sirdij, k\u0101 \u012bpa\u0161a gudr\u012bba, ko man nodevu\u0161i mani sen\u010di. T\u0101 ir k\u013cuvusi par p\u0101rmai\u0146u veicin\u0101t\u0101ju manos uzskatos par s\u0113klu st\u0101d\u012b\u0161anu, s\u0113klu saglab\u0101\u0161anu un s\u0113klu d\u0101vin\u0101\u0161anu, lai pabarotu citus. Flint kukur\u016bza, piem\u0113ram, \u0161\u0137irne ‘Abenaki Rose’, k\u0101dreiz b\u016btu bijusi galven\u0101 saulgrie\u017eu (Jaunanglijas, \u0145\u016bfaundlendas, Kvebekas un apk\u0101rt\u0113j\u0101s Sv\u0113t\u0101 Lorenca j\u016bras ce\u013ca teritorijas) iedz\u012bvot\u0101ju nodarbo\u0161an\u0101s. \u0160aj\u0101 apgabal\u0101 pamatiedz\u012bvot\u0101ju uztur\u0101 domin\u0113ja flintkukur\u016bza, un t\u0101 bija ierasta lauku m\u0101ju pieliekamajos l\u012bdz pat 19. gadsimta 19. gadsimtam. Flint kukur\u016bzas milti ir lieliska izv\u0113le tradicion\u0101lo Pequot vai Narragansett hoecakes (vai “ce\u013cojuma k\u016bku”) gatavo\u0161anai. Es apbr\u012bnoju \u0161\u012bs tipisk\u0101s Abenaki mantot\u0101s kukur\u016bzas neregul\u0101ro ro\u017eu aploku un interesantos mar\u0137\u0113jumus.\n<\/p>\n

width=\"100%\" height=\"360\" scrolling=\"n\u0113\">\n<\/p>\n

‘Pima White’ jeb ‘Pima.’ \u0160\u012b vit\u0101li svar\u012bg\u0101 \u0161\u0137irne ir Akimel O’odham un Tohono O’odham tautas d\u0101vana un apliecin\u0101jums vi\u0146u lauksaimniec\u012bbas meistar\u012bbai. \u0160\u012b neuzkr\u012bto\u0161\u0101 miltu vai miltu-smil\u0161u kukur\u016bza ir taup\u012bga un izmanto nelielu \u016bdens daudzumu. Aptuveni 60 dienas t\u0101 sasniedz za\u013c\u0101s kukur\u016bzas stadiju (piena stadiju) veselas divas ned\u0113\u013cas agr\u0101k nek\u0101 daudzas citas dienvidrietumu zemo tuksne\u0161u \u0161\u0137irnes. Parasti t\u0101 ir \u012bsa, kupla, \u0101tri augo\u0161a kukur\u016bza, un tai ir lieliska iztur\u012bba pret sausumu. Kad ra\u017ea nov\u0101kta za\u013c\u0101s kukur\u016bzas stadij\u0101, to tradicion\u0101li grauzd\u0113 virs mesk\u012btu ogl\u0113m, \u017e\u0101v\u0113 saul\u0113 un p\u0113c tam uzglab\u0101 uz v\u0101rpstas. P\u0113c tam no t\u0101s var pagatavot kukur\u016bzas pinole un akmens maluma miltus. Kukur\u016bzas grauzd\u0113\u0161ana p\u0101rv\u0113r\u0161 cieti cukur\u0101, kas pie\u0161\u0137ir tai \u0101rk\u0101rt\u012bgi saldu gar\u0161u, kad to gatavo putras veid\u0101. Kukur\u016bzu var ar\u012b atst\u0101t nogatavoties un \u017e\u0101v\u0113ties uz auga. Tas ir ide\u0101li piem\u0113rots kukur\u016bzas miltu ra\u017eo\u0161anai. Es \u013coti iesaku \u0161o kukur\u016bzu apgabaliem, kuros klimata p\u0101rmai\u0146u ietekm\u0113 vasaras ir karst\u0101kas un saus\u0101kas.\n<\/p>\n

<\/figure>\n
<\/figure>\n

‘Bolita Belatove.’ \u0160\u012b, iesp\u0113jams, ir viena no neparast\u0101kaj\u0101m mantojam\u0101s kukur\u016bzas \u0161\u0137irn\u0113m Meksik\u0101. Tai ir spilgti violeti un sarkani kodoli. Tai ir br\u012bni\u0161\u0137\u012bga riekstu gar\u0161a, un no t\u0101s var pagatavot kr\u0101\u0161\u0146u violetas kr\u0101sas masu. \u0160\u012b kukur\u016bza ir viet\u0113jo iedz\u012bvot\u0101ju iecien\u012bta, jo no t\u0101s gatavo s\u0101rtas kr\u0101sas tortiljas, kas izklaid\u0113 viet\u0113jos b\u0113rnus un ir pat\u012bkama p\u0101rmai\u0146a no dzeltenajiem vai zilajiem kukur\u016bzas \u010dipsiem.\n<\/p>\n

Kukur\u016bza ceremonij\u0101
\n<\/h2>\n

Ar\u012b mums (abenaki) un daudz\u0101m cit\u0101m cilt\u012bm vis\u0101 Bru\u0146urupu\u010du sal\u0101 (Zieme\u013camerik\u0101) kukur\u016bzai ir svar\u012bga loma ceremonij\u0101s. Mums Za\u013c\u0101s kukur\u016bzas ceremonija ir gada ra\u017eas nodro\u0161in\u0101\u0161anas sv\u0113tki. Tas iez\u012bm\u0113 laiku, kad m\u0113s zin\u0101m, ka augiem ir izdevies sara\u017eot p\u0101rtiku, kas mums b\u016bs vajadz\u012bga, lai p\u0101rdz\u012bvotu gar\u0101s, aukst\u0101s ziemas dienas un naktis. Pateic\u012bb\u0101 par to tiek kurin\u0101tas ugunskuru ceremonijas, gatavoti ugunskuri, dejotas dejas un sv\u0113t\u012btas sv\u0113t\u012bbas. \u0160\u012bs para\u017eas ir pla\u0161i izplat\u012bti lauksaimniec\u012bbas ritu\u0101li, kas rakstur\u012bgi ar\u012b daudz\u0101m cit\u0101m cilt\u012bm. Fakts, ka tas ir viens no svar\u012bg\u0101kajiem ritu\u0101liem tik daudz\u0101s Zieme\u013camerikas kult\u016br\u0101s, patie\u0161\u0101m apliecina, cik liela noz\u012bme ir kukur\u016bzai pamatiedz\u012bvot\u0101ju ikdienas dz\u012bv\u0113.\n<\/p>\n

Tradicion\u0101l\u0101 kukur\u016bzas st\u0101d\u012b\u0161ana
\n<\/h2>\n

Tradicion\u0101lajiem kukur\u016bzas st\u0101d\u012b\u0161anas veidiem, piem\u0113ram, Abenaki Seven Sisters vai pla\u0161\u0101k paz\u012bstamajam un izplat\u012bt\u0101kajam Three Sisters, ir ekolo\u0123iskas priek\u0161roc\u012bbas, kas nav rakstur\u012bgas vienkult\u016bru laukiem: augsnes re\u0123ener\u0101cija, daudzveid\u012bga baro\u0161ana, iztur\u012bba pret augu kait\u0113k\u013ciem un slim\u012bb\u0101m. T\u0101 k\u0101 m\u016bsu tradicion\u0101lie pa\u0146\u0113mieni un agroekolo\u0123ija at\u0161\u0137\u012br\u0101s no Rietumu zin\u0101tnes, tie iepriek\u0161 tika atst\u0101ti anekdotisku pier\u0101d\u012bjumu lok\u0101 vai k\u0101d\u0101 eksperiment\u0101l\u0101 d\u0101rza st\u016br\u012b k\u0101 kuriozs. Mums ir st\u0101sti, bet Rietumu zin\u0101tnei ir skait\u013ci, un, ironisk\u0101 k\u0101rt\u0101, atjaut\u012bgs m\u0101rketings to ir apz\u012bm\u0113jis ar “re\u0123enerat\u012bvo” un p\u0101rvar\u0113jis plaisu starp ab\u0101m. Es tikai ceru, ka tie, kas p\u0101rl\u0113ks uz \u0161o tendenci, kas gl\u012bti iesai\u0146o tradicion\u0101l\u0101s pamatiedz\u012bvot\u0101ju zemes apsaimnieko\u0161anas prakses no visas pasaules, lai t\u0101s var\u0113tu izmantot pla\u0161\u0101 m\u0113rog\u0101, \u0146ems \u0161\u012bs prakses pie sirds, lai t\u0101s’paliktu.\n<\/p>\n

Ar varav\u012bksnes kr\u0101su vari\u0101cij\u0101m un augstuma, formas un auguma da\u017e\u0101d\u012bbu, da\u017eas no \u0161\u012bm \u0101rk\u0101rt\u012bgi iztur\u012bgaj\u0101m \u0161\u0137irn\u0113m var\u0113tu b\u016bt \u013coti svar\u012bgas, lai p\u0101rvar\u0113tu klimata p\u0101rmai\u0146as un ekstrem\u0101lus laikapst\u0101k\u013cus. Ja nekas cits, tad tie ir reti sastopami skaisti augi. Es ceru, ka j\u016bs atrad\u012bsiet tiem vietu sav\u0101 d\u0101rz\u0101 un m\u0113\u0123in\u0101siet saglab\u0101t un dal\u012bties ar to s\u0113kl\u0101m.\n<\/p>\n

Visp\u0101rin\u0101ti kukur\u016bzas aug\u0161anas posmi
\n<\/h2>\n

K\u016bl\u012b\u0161u posms. K\u0161\u0137a apak\u0161\u0113jais zars ir piln\u012bb\u0101 redzams, bet z\u012bds v\u0113l nav par\u0101d\u012bjies.\n<\/p>\n

Z\u012bdain\u012bbas posms. Z\u012bds ir redzams \u0101rpus s\u0113nal\u0101m.\n<\/p>\n

P\u016bsl\u012b\u0161u stadija. Kodoli no \u0101rpuses izskat\u0101s balti, bet iek\u0161pus\u0113 ir dzidrs \u0161\u0137idrums.\n<\/p>\n

Piena stadija. \u0160aj\u0101 stadij\u0101, kas paz\u012bstama ar\u012b k\u0101 “za\u013c\u0101s kukur\u016bzas stadija ” kukur\u016bza non\u0101k viet\u0113j\u0101 tirg\u016b. \u0160is posms notiek aptuveni 20 dienas p\u0113c kume\u013co\u0161an\u0101s, kad att\u012bst\u0101s kodoli, un to var atpaz\u012bt, ja kodoli ir m\u012bksti un, tos saspie\u017eot, izdal\u0101s salds piens. Posms, kad mazumtirgot\u0101ji p\u0101rdod to, ko tagad parasti d\u0113v\u0113 par \"Indijas kukur\u016bzu\", ir daudz v\u0113l\u0101k, kad auga kodoli ir piln\u012bb\u0101 nobriedu\u0161i. \u0160aj\u0101 stadij\u0101 parasti tiek gatavoti pozole, putraimi, kukur\u016bzas milti un kukur\u016bzas produkti.\n<\/p>\n

Amyrose Foll ir dedz\u012bga p\u0101rtikas suverenit\u0101tes, zemes un cilv\u0113ku apr\u016bpes un resursu koplieto\u0161anas aizst\u0101ve. Vi\u0146a ir ASV armijas veter\u0101ne un bijus\u012b medm\u0101sa, un vi\u0146a turpina pild\u012bt savu pien\u0101kumu aizsarg\u0101t un r\u016bp\u0113ties par citiem, darbojoties Vird\u017e\u012bnijas br\u012bvaj\u0101 saimniec\u012bb\u0101. Uzziniet vair\u0101k Virginia Free Farm.\n<\/p>\n

Saglab\u0101t biolo\u0123isko daudzveid\u012bbu
\n<\/h3>\n

V\u0113laties s\u0101kt saglab\u0101t s\u0113klas, bet nezin\u0101t, ar ko s\u0101kt? Tad m\u016bsu kurss “S\u0113klu saglab\u0101\u0161ana 101” ir dom\u0101ts tie\u0161i jums. \u0160aj\u0101 ievad\u0101 s\u0113klu taup\u012b\u0161anas pasaul\u0113 j\u016bsu gids b\u016bs Bevins Koens no Small House Farm. Bevina veidotie semin\u0101ra videoieraksti aptver t\u0101das t\u0113mas k\u0101 kopienas veido\u0161ana, daloties ar s\u0113kl\u0101m; kult\u016br\u0161\u0137ir\u0146u dz\u012bv\u0101 v\u0113sture; terminolo\u0123ijas izpratne; apputeksn\u0113\u0161ana, s\u0113klu apstr\u0101de un uzglab\u0101\u0161ana; un citas. Uzziniet vair\u0101k M\u0101tes Zemes zi\u0146u gadatirg\u016b.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pirms doties uz savu iecien\u012bt\u0101ko viet\u0113jo vietu, lai ieg\u0101d\u0101tos noder\u012bgas, bet ne p\u0101r\u0101k iedvesmojo\u0161as F1 hibr\u012bdu cukurkukur\u016bzas \u0161\u0137irnes, apsveriet iesp\u0113ju \u0161ogad d\u0101rz\u0101 atv\u0113l\u0113t vietu kam mazliet negaid\u012bt\u0101kam. Ticiet vai n\u0113, bet tas, ko vairums cilv\u0113ku parasti apz\u012bm\u0113 k\u0101 “Indijas kukur\u016bzu” paties\u012bb\u0101 ir br\u012bni\u0161\u0137\u012bgi daudzveid\u012bgas \u0161\u0137irnes, un visas ir \u0113damas. Mums Amerikas Savienotaj\u0101s Valst\u012bs vienk\u0101r\u0161i ir […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":81938,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[116],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-81923","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-garden-planning"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/81923","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=81923"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/81923\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/81938"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=81923"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=81923"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=81923"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}