\n<\/h2>\n
![](\"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/auto_content\/local_image\/6580258561998178.webp\")
<\/figure>\nDivi d\u0101rzkop\u012bbas autori un vi\u0146u intens\u012bv\u0101s d\u0101rze\u0146u audz\u0113\u0161anas sist\u0113mas ir biju\u0161as \u013coti ietekm\u012bgas Zieme\u013camerik\u0101 vair\u0101k nek\u0101 30 gadus. Mel Bartholomew’s gr\u0101mata par d\u0101rzkop\u012bbu ar kvadr\u0101tveida p\u0113du plat\u012bbu pirmo reizi tika public\u0113ta 1981. gad\u0101, bet John Jeavons’s pirm\u0101 gr\u0101mata par d\u0101rzkop\u012bbu ar biolo\u0123iski intens\u012bvu d\u0101rzkop\u012bbu izn\u0101ca 1974. gad\u0101. Kop\u0161 \u0161\u012bs gr\u0101matas non\u0101ku\u0161as veikalu plauktos, miljoniem d\u0101rzkopju ir eksperiment\u0113ju\u0161i un apguvu\u0161i taj\u0101s aprakst\u012bt\u0101s d\u0101rzkop\u012bbas metodes.\n<\/p>\n
Bartolomeja m\u0113r\u0137is ir izveidot vienk\u0101r\u0161u, dro\u0161u sist\u0113mu, kuru var apg\u016bt ikviens (nav nepiecie\u0161ama papilds\u0113\u0161ana, augseku mai\u0146a un augsnes sagatavo\u0161ana). Liel\u0101kajai da\u013cai kult\u016bru vi\u0146\u0161 paredz tikai 6 collas dzi\u013cas paaugstin\u0101tas dobes, kas piepild\u012btas ar m\u0101ksl\u012bgu k\u016bdras s\u016bnu, vermikul\u012bta un komposta mais\u012bjumu. Lai gan \u0161\u012b metode ir atkar\u012bga no pirkto komponentu mont\u0101\u017eas, t\u0101 var labi darboties pils\u0113tvid\u0113, jo \u012bpa\u0161i tur, kur ir ba\u017eas par augsnes pies\u0101r\u0146ojumu, kur rak\u0161ana zem\u0113 nav iesp\u0113jama vai kur cilv\u0113ki ir \u012bpa\u0161i izv\u0113l\u012bgi attiec\u012bb\u0101 uz d\u0101rza izskatu (iesp\u0113jams, priek\u0161pagalmu z\u0101lienu noteikumu d\u0113\u013c). Lai uzzin\u0101tu vair\u0101k par \u0161o metodi, skatiet “10 principi par d\u0101rzkop\u012bbu uz kvadr\u0101tp\u0113d\u0101m” zem\u0101k.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Jeavons’ biointens\u012bv\u0101s d\u0101rzkop\u012bbas sist\u0113mas pamat\u0101 ir augl\u012bgas augsnes veido\u0161ana past\u0101v\u012bg\u0101s d\u0101rza dob\u0113s, kas s\u0101kotn\u0113ji tiek izraktas 2 p\u0113du dzi\u013cum\u0101. Vi\u0146a galvenais m\u0113r\u0137is ir audz\u0113t p\u0101rtiku ilgtsp\u0113j\u012bgi, izmantojot p\u0113c iesp\u0113jas maz\u0101k izejvielu no \u0101rpus sist\u0113mas. Vi\u0146\u0161 sniedz detaliz\u0113tus nor\u0101d\u012bjumus par kult\u016braugu audz\u0113\u0161anas pl\u0101no\u0161anu, komposta gatavo\u0161anu, papildu st\u0101d\u012b\u0161anu, augu mai\u0146u, kult\u016braugu audz\u0113\u0161anu, kas kalpo diviem m\u0113r\u0137iem - k\u0101 p\u0101rtika un komposta kaudzes lopbar\u012bba, un daudz ko citu. Skatiet “10 Biointens\u012bv\u0101s d\u0101rzkop\u012bbas principi” t\u0101l\u0101k \u0161aj\u0101 rakst\u0101, lai uzzin\u0101tu visu par \u0161o sist\u0113mu.\n<\/p>\n
Augstas intensit\u0101tes d\u0101rzkop\u012bbas principi
\n<\/h2>\n
Neraugoties uz \u0161\u0101d\u0101m at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bg\u0101m pieej\u0101m, abi pa\u0146\u0113mienu kopumi nodro\u0161ina augstra\u017e\u012bgus p\u0101rtikas d\u0101rzus, pateicoties \u010detr\u0101m kop\u012bg\u0101m iez\u012bm\u0113m, kuras visas es iesaku izmantot.\n<\/p>\n
- \n
- Past\u0101v\u012bg\u0101s d\u0101rza gultas. <\/font>Past\u0101v\u012bgo dobju ier\u012bko\u0161ana \u013cauj koncentr\u0113t sp\u0113kus tikai augu aug\u0161anas viet\u0101m, net\u0113r\u0113jot kompostu vai ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161anas \u016bdeni neapst\u0101d\u012bt\u0101s viet\u0101s. <\/font>Tas ar\u012b padara augsnes sabl\u012bv\u0113\u0161anos par probl\u0113mu, jo j\u016bs ejat pa past\u0101v\u012bg\u0101m tak\u0101m, nevis nekad pa sav\u0101m aug\u0161anas viet\u0101m. <\/font>Past\u0101v\u012bgo dobju un celi\u0146u ier\u012bko\u0161ana ir tik popul\u0101rs izk\u0101rtojums \u0161eit, Klus\u0101 oke\u0101na zieme\u013crietumos, ka es gadiem neesmu redz\u0113jis rind\u0101s sak\u0101rtotu d\u0101rzu. <\/font>(Lasiet vair\u0101k par past\u0101v\u012bgo d\u0101rza gultu priek\u0161roc\u012bb\u0101m sada\u013c\u0101 Past\u0101v\u012bgo d\u0101rza dobju kop\u0161ana un audz\u0113\u0161ana.)<\/font><\/font><\/li>\n
- Pa\u013cau\u0161an\u0101s uz kompostu. <\/font>Abas sist\u0113mas balst\u0101s uz p\u0101rbaud\u012btu un patiesu visas biolo\u0123isk\u0101s d\u0101rzkop\u012bbas pamatu: lielas komposta devas, lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu sabalans\u0113tas, l\u0113nas izdal\u012b\u0161an\u0101s bar\u012bbas vielas, kas nepiecie\u0161amas vesel\u012bgu kult\u016bru audz\u0113\u0161anai. <\/font>Kompost\u0101 eso\u0161\u0101s organisk\u0101s vielas ar\u012b palielina augsnes \u016bdensiztur\u012bbas sp\u0113ju un uzlabo t\u0101s strukt\u016bru.<\/font><\/font><\/li>\n
- Augsta bl\u012bvuma jaukta st\u0101d\u012b\u0161ana. <\/font>Abu sist\u0113mu augst\u0101s produktivit\u0101tes atsl\u0113ga ir t\u0101da, ka t\u0101s izmanto visu katras dobes virsmu augu audz\u0113\u0161anai, nevis atst\u0101j atstarpes starp rind\u0101m. <\/font>Tas nodro\u0161ina v\u0113l liel\u0101ku ra\u017eu, nepalielinot d\u0101rza telpu. <\/font>Ies\u0101c\u0113jiem d\u0101rzniekiem Bartolomeja metode, k\u0101 atz\u012bm\u0113t dobes 1 p\u0113das kvadr\u0101tos, var b\u016bt \u012bpa\u0161i noder\u012bga, lai vizualiz\u0113tu, cik bl\u012bvi var st\u0101d\u012bt. <\/font>Sajauk\u0161an\u0101s kult\u016br\u0101m ar at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bgu sak\u0146u dzi\u013cumu, augu augstumu un aug\u0161anas \u0101trumu ar\u012b noz\u012bm\u0113, ka j\u016bs varat audz\u0113t vair\u0101k noteikt\u0101 viet\u0101.<\/font><\/font><\/li>\n
- \u0100tra p\u0113ctec\u012bbas st\u0101d\u012b\u0161ana. <\/font>Pak\u0101peniska st\u0101d\u012b\u0161ana un l\u012bdz ar to ar\u012b ra\u017eas nov\u0101k\u0161ana ir efekt\u012bv\u0101ka d\u0101rzniekam un palielina aug\u0161anas sezonu. <\/font>\u0100tri p\u0101rst\u0101dot visus tuk\u0161umus, kas paliku\u0161i p\u0113c noteiktas kult\u016bras nov\u0101k\u0161anas, varat izmantot katru d\u0101rza laukumu visa gada garum\u0101.<\/font><\/font><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Intens\u012bv\u0101s d\u0101rzkop\u012bbas sist\u0113mas piel\u0101go\u0161ana
\n<\/h2>\n![](\"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/auto_content\/local_image\/2425720507783829.webp\")
<\/figure>\nAr augl\u012bgu augsni un bl\u012bvu st\u0101d\u012bjumu jebkur\u0161 d\u0101rzs var b\u016bt \u013coti ra\u017e\u012bgs–bet, k\u0101 r\u0101da \u0161\u012bs divas intens\u012bv\u0101s d\u0101rzkop\u012bbas pieejas, \u0161o ra\u017e\u012bgumu var pan\u0101kt ar da\u017e\u0101diem l\u012bdzek\u013ciem. Es esmu Bartolomeja pus\u0113, atbalstot vienk\u0101r\u0161as, mazpras\u012bgas uztur\u0113\u0161anas metodes (galu gal\u0101 d\u0101rznieka ener\u0123ija ar\u012b ir v\u0113rt\u012bgs resurss), bet d\u0101rzkopji var daudz m\u0101c\u012bties no D\u017eeivona par ilgtsp\u0113j\u012bgu praksi. Neatjaunojamo resursu izmanto\u0161anas samazin\u0101\u0161ana–vai tas b\u016btu fosilais kurin\u0101mais, ko sadedzina, transport\u0113jot preces, vai ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161anas \u016bdens no dzi\u013ciem \u016bdens sl\u0101\u0146iem, vai pat k\u016bdras s\u016bnas–ir svar\u012bgs apsv\u0113rums, kas ir daudzu d\u0101rzkopju pr\u0101t\u0101. D\u0101rzkop\u012bba kvadr\u0101tveida plat\u012bb\u0101s prasa ieg\u0101d\u0101ties lielu daudzumu k\u016bdras s\u016bnu, kas nav atjaunojams materi\u0101ls. Kokosriekstu kokos\u0161\u0137iedra ir ilgtsp\u0113j\u012bg\u0101ks risin\u0101jums.\n<\/p>\n
Ar laiku un pieredzi, k\u0101 ar\u012b atkar\u012bb\u0101 no re\u0123iona un apst\u0101k\u013ciem katrs d\u0101rznieks piel\u0101go savu sist\u0113mu, lai t\u0101 b\u016btu visefekt\u012bv\u0101k\u0101. P\u0113d\u0113jo gadu desmitu laik\u0101 esmu run\u0101jis ar simtiem d\u0101rzkopju, lai noskaidrotu da\u017eas kop\u012bgas iez\u012bmes, kas raksturo veiksm\u012bgas d\u0101rzkop\u012bbas sist\u0113mas, un \u0161eit sniegtie ieteikumi pal\u012bdz\u0113s jums izaudz\u0113t ilgtsp\u0113j\u012bgu d\u0101rzu ar augstu ra\u017eas l\u012bmeni, kas neprasa lielu piep\u016bli, bet ir maz kop\u0161anas un ilgtsp\u0113j\u012bgs.\n<\/p>\n
Piel\u0101go\u0161an\u0101s viet\u0113jiem apst\u0101k\u013ciem. Augsne, klimats, laikapst\u0101k\u013ci, \u016bdens pieejam\u012bba, kompost\u0113\u0161anas materi\u0101li, kait\u0113k\u013ci un slim\u012bbas at\u0161\u0137iras atkar\u012bb\u0101 no j\u016bsu dz\u012bvesvietas, t\u0101p\u0113c konsult\u0113jieties ar viet\u0113jiem ekspertiem un mekl\u0113jiet inform\u0101ciju par j\u016bsu re\u0123ionu. J\u016bsu d\u0101rzkop\u012bbas l\u0113mumus ietekm\u0113s ar\u012b pieejam\u0101 telpa un materi\u0101lu transport\u0113\u0161anas \u0113rtums. Ja jums ir mazs pils\u0113tas d\u0101rzi\u0146\u0161, j\u016bs, visticam\u0101k, nevar\u0113siet audz\u0113t iev\u0113rojamu daudzumu graudaugu, lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu oglekli saturo\u0161us kompost\u0113jamus materi\u0101lus, k\u0101 to iesaka dar\u012bt Jeavons. Varb\u016bt lietder\u012bg\u0101k ir rad\u012bt bar\u012bbas vielas un organisk\u0101s vielas, gatavojot kompostu no cit\u0101m sast\u0101vda\u013c\u0101m, piem\u0113ram, rudens lap\u0101m un av\u012bz\u0113m, kas sajauktas ar p\u0101rtikas atliek\u0101m. Tom\u0113r liel\u0101kam d\u0101rzam ar liel\u0101ku plat\u012bbu kompost\u0113jamo jeb “za\u013cm\u0113slojuma” kult\u016bru audz\u0113\u0161ana var b\u016bt vispraktisk\u0101kais veids, k\u0101 veidot organisko vielu daudzumu augsn\u0113.\n<\/p>\n
Iet uz past\u0101v\u012bgu. Past\u0101v\u012bgo d\u0101rza dobju izmanto\u0161anas efektivit\u0101te ir neapstr\u012bdama. Tom\u0113r tas, vai past\u0101v\u012bg\u0101s dobes ir j\u0101pace\u013c, ir atkar\u012bgs no vietas un personiskaj\u0101m v\u0113lm\u0113m. Paaugstin\u0101tas dobes–veidotas ar s\u0101niem, lai augsne var\u0113tu uzb\u0113rt augst\u0101k par dabisko augsnes l\u012bmeni–\u013cauj nodro\u0161in\u0101t labu dren\u0101\u017eu zem\u0101s viet\u0101s un pavasar\u012b \u0101tri sasilst. Vec\u0101ki un maz\u0101k kust\u012bgi cilv\u0113ki var\u0113tu izmantot paaugstin\u0101tas dobes, jo t\u0101s ir augst\u0101k un taj\u0101s ir viegl\u0101k str\u0101d\u0101t. Savuk\u0101rt d\u0101rziem labi dren\u0113t\u0101 augsn\u0113 var lab\u0101k padoties un maz\u0101k laist\u012bt, ja dobes nav paaugstin\u0101tas–un, protams, jums neb\u016bs darba un izdevumu, kas saist\u012bti ar dobju malu b\u016bv\u0113\u0161anu.\n<\/p>\n
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<\/figure>\nIzmantojiet augsni (ja t\u0101da ir). Bartolomeja sist\u0113mas tr\u016bkums ir tas, ka t\u0101 liel\u0101 m\u0113r\u0101 ir atkar\u012bga no t\u0101, vai tiek ieg\u0101d\u0101tas sast\u0101vda\u013cas, lai pagatavotu augsnes barotni. Tas ir d\u0101rgi un noz\u012bm\u0113, ka j\u016bs neizmantojat un neuzlabojat augsni, kas jau atrodas j\u016bsu \u012bpa\u0161um\u0101. Neraugoties uz Bartolomeja ba\u017e\u0101m, ka augsnes uzlabo\u0161ana aiz\u0146em p\u0101r\u0101k daudz laika, es esmu atkl\u0101jis, ka, pievienojot organiskos papildin\u0101jumus, tostarp, ja nepiecie\u0161ams, sabalans\u0113tus organiskos m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cus, jebkuras augsnes var p\u0101rv\u0113rst par piem\u0113rotu d\u0101rza augsni jau pirmaj\u0101s sezon\u0101s. Lielas komposta devas palielina smil\u0161ainas augsnes bar\u012bbas vielu un \u016bdens aiztur\u0113\u0161anas sp\u0113ju un uzlabo m\u0101lainas augsnes strukt\u016bru. Kas attiecas uz \u016bdens taup\u012b\u0161anu, augsn\u0113 augo\u0161iem augiem parasti ir nepiecie\u0161ams maz\u0101ks laist\u012b\u0161anas daudzums nek\u0101 konteineros vai paaugstin\u0101t\u0101s dob\u0113s augo\u0161iem augiem, jo augsn\u0113 augo\u0161ie augi g\u016bst labumu no kapil\u0101r\u0101s \u016bdens pl\u016bsmas no augsnes apak\u0161k\u0101rtas. \u0160\u012b aug\u0161upejo\u0161\u0101 \u016bdens pl\u016bsma var notikt no 2 l\u012bdz 8 p\u0113du dzi\u013cuma atkar\u012bb\u0101 no augsnes tipa. Dzi\u013ci iesak\u0146oju\u0161ies augi ar\u012b lab\u0101k p\u0101rcie\u0161 aukstuma un karstuma vi\u013c\u0146us nek\u0101 augi konteineros un paaugstin\u0101t\u0101s dob\u0113s, jo to saknes ir maz\u0101k pak\u013cautas ekstrem\u0101l\u0101m temperat\u016bras sv\u0101rst\u012bb\u0101m. Protams, ja j\u016bsu lab\u0101k\u0101 saulain\u0101 vieta ir bru\u0123\u0113ta autost\u0101vvieta, noteikti veidojiet paaugstin\u0101tas dobes (jo dzi\u013c\u0101kas, jo lab\u0101k).\n<\/p>\n
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<\/figure>\nEsi l\u0113ts. Pirmo reizi, kad las\u012bju Bartolomeja gr\u0101matu, mani p\u0101rsteidza, cik d\u0101rgi izmaks\u0101 vi\u0146a sist\u0113mas iev\u0113ro\u0161ana l\u012bdz galam, s\u0101kot ar dobju b\u016bv\u0113\u0161anas izmaks\u0101m un beidzot ar liela apjoma lielgabar\u012bta materi\u0101lu ieg\u0101di un p\u0101rvad\u0101\u0161anu, kas nepiecie\u0161ami augsnes barotnei, ko vi\u0146\u0161 d\u0113v\u0113 par \"Melo mais\u012bjumu\". ” Manupr\u0101t, d\u0101rzkop\u012bbas skaistums ir tas, ka t\u0101 p\u0101rv\u0113r\u0161 atkritumus gar\u0161\u012bg\u0101, barojo\u0161\u0101 p\u0101rtik\u0101 par iev\u0113rojami zem\u0101k\u0101m izmaks\u0101m nek\u0101 to pirk\u0161ana. Komposts var b\u016bt praktiski bez maksas, ja to gatavo no atkritumviel\u0101m, piem\u0113ram, nop\u013cautas z\u0101les, lap\u0101m, k\u016btsm\u0113sliem, saboj\u0101ta siena un jebk\u0101diem atkritumiem no d\u0101rza, p\u0101rtikas veikala vai p\u0101rtikas r\u016bpniec\u012bbas. Iesp\u0113jams, ka visefekt\u012bv\u0101kais l\u0113tais m\u0113slojums ir “ur\u012bna izmanto\u0161ana, ” t\u0101 efektivit\u0101tes d\u0113\u013c t\u0101 ir peln\u012bjusi pla\u0161\u0101ku atzin\u012bbu. (Vair\u0101k inform\u0101cijas par \u0161o metodi un cit\u0101m \u0161\u0137idr\u0101 m\u0113slojuma iesp\u0113j\u0101m atrad\u012bsiet sada\u013c\u0101 Bezmaksas, m\u0101j\u0101s gatavoti \u0161\u0137idrie m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci.)\n<\/p>\n
Nestr\u0101d\u0101jiet p\u0101r\u0101k smagi. Kad 70. gados es pirmo reizi sastapos ar Jeavona gr\u0101matu, es nol\u0113mu sekot vi\u0146a metodikai, k\u0101 dubultos rakt sav\u0101 d\u0101rz\u0101. Neraugoties uz D\u017eeivonsa dz\u012bvespriec\u012bgajiem nor\u0101d\u012bjumiem, es \u0101tri atkl\u0101ju, ka tas ir bied\u0113jo\u0161s darbs. Kad augsnes p\u0101rvieto\u0161ana b\u016bs pabeigta, visa dob\u0113 eso\u0161\u0101 augsne b\u016bs p\u0101rvietota uz s\u0101niem par 1 vai 2 p\u0113d\u0101m un uz leju 2 p\u0113du dzi\u013cum\u0101. P\u0113c vienas dobes rak\u0161anas es nol\u0113mu p\u0101r\u0113j\u0101s izlaist un sadz\u012bvot ar sek\u0101m, iz\u0146emot to, ka nek\u0101das nerad\u0101s. Ne taj\u0101 vasar\u0101, ne v\u0113l\u0101kos gados es neredz\u0113ju nek\u0101du at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bbu starp divreiz izrakto dobi un p\u0101r\u0113jo d\u0101rzu. L\u012bdz\u012bgi ar\u012b 1998. gad\u0101 Ohaio \u0161tata universit\u0101tes p\u0113t\u012bjum\u0101 netika konstat\u0113ta b\u016btiska ra\u017eas at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bba starp pup\u0101m un biet\u0113m, kas tika audz\u0113tas dob\u0113s, kuras tika kultiv\u0113tas tikai virspus\u0113ji, un dob\u0113s, kuras bija divreiz uzirdin\u0101tas.\n<\/p>\n
Daudzu intens\u012bvas d\u0101rzkop\u012bbas gadu laik\u0101 esmu iem\u0101c\u012bjies (t\u0101pat k\u0101 daudzi d\u0101rzkopji pirms manis), ka mul\u010das iekl\u0101\u0161ana ietaupa daudz darba un ka minim\u0101la dobju kultiv\u0113\u0161ana ir \u013coti laba. P\u0113t\u012bjumi ir sniegu\u0161i pamatotus iemeslus, k\u0101p\u0113c augsnes trauc\u0113jumu samazin\u0101\u0161ana l\u012bdz minimumam ir laba ideja: Samazin\u0101tas augsnes apstr\u0101des sist\u0113mas nodro\u0161ina liel\u0101ku labv\u0113l\u012bgo s\u0113n\u012b\u0161u popul\u0101ciju, kas p\u0101rvieto bar\u012bbas vielas un \u016bdeni augsn\u0113. Turkl\u0101t augsn\u0113, kas maz\u0101k trauc\u0113ta, ir vair\u0101k der\u012bgo nematodu, slieku, augsnes \u0113r\u010du un citu mikroorganismu, kas kl\u012bst un r\u0101po apk\u0101rt. Nedz Bartolomeja m\u0101ksl\u012bgais st\u0101d\u012b\u0161anas substr\u0101ts, nedz D\u017eeivona atk\u0101rtota dubult\u0101 rak\u0161ana piln\u012bb\u0101 neizmanto \u0161o darb\u012bgo rad\u012bbi\u0146u priek\u0161roc\u012bbas.\n<\/p>\n
![](\"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/auto_content\/local_image\/1220153265417661.webp\")
<\/figure>\nT\u0101 k\u0101 sliekas, augu saknes un augsnes kukai\u0146i tik labi aer\u0113 augsni, es ar prieku \u013cauju to dar\u012bt vi\u0146iem. Nep\u0101rv\u0113r\u0161ot augsni, es reizi gad\u0101 viegli ar dak\u0161\u0101m ieberu kompostu un citus papildin\u0101jumus p\u0101ris centimetru virs\u0113jos sl\u0101\u0146os, un tas man aiz\u0146em apm\u0113ram 15 min\u016btes 8 x 4 p\u0113das lielai dobei. P\u0101r\u0113j\u0101 sezonas laik\u0101 es st\u0101du bez kultiv\u0113\u0161anas, \u013caujot viegli st\u0101d\u012bt starp augiem, starp nobriedu\u0161aj\u0101m kult\u016br\u0101m iesprau\u017eot jaunus augus. Bie\u017ei vien augu atliekas atst\u0101ju uz augsnes k\u0101 mul\u010du un st\u0101du tie\u0161i caur to. Minim\u0101li trauc\u0113jot augsni, man ir izdevies izveidot bag\u0101t\u012bgu d\u0101rzu ar maz\u0101k darba. Tom\u0113r tas var pras\u012bt nelielu p\u0101reju no “t\u012bras augsnes” d\u0101rza est\u0113tisk\u0101s v\u0113rt\u012bbas.\n<\/p>\n
P\u013cau\u0161ana vairumam ir bied\u0113jo\u0161s uzdevums, ta\u010du ar gudru st\u0101d\u012b\u0161anu to var gandr\u012bz piln\u012bb\u0101 nov\u0113rst. Intens\u012bva st\u0101d\u012b\u0161ana nom\u0101c nez\u0101les, jo tuv\u0113jo augu lapas \u0101tri aizpilda un aiz\u0113no augsni. Mul\u010das izmanto\u0161ana, lai augsne b\u016btu apsegta, efekt\u012bvi apsl\u0101p\u0113 d\u012bgsto\u0161\u0101s nez\u0101\u013cu s\u0113klas. Es atst\u0101ju mul\u010du uz augsnes p\u0113c iesp\u0113jas ilg\u0101ku d\u0101rza sezonas laiku (man\u0101 zieme\u013crietumu klimat\u0101 nez\u0101les aug visu ziemu), bet pavasar\u012b no\u0146emu to atpaka\u013c, lai augsne iz\u017e\u016btu un sasiltu. Nez\u0101les celi\u0146os var ierobe\u017eot, uzkl\u0101jot kartonu, av\u012bzi vai citus gaismu izsl\u0113dzo\u0161us materi\u0101lus, vai ar\u012b aps\u0113t celi\u0146us ar z\u0101li vai \u0101boli\u0146u un ik pa laikam tos nop\u013caut (vai nop\u013caut ar izkapti). Nograuzto z\u0101lienu izkl\u0101jiet atpaka\u013c uz d\u0101rza dob\u0113m k\u0101 sl\u0101pekli saturo\u0161u mul\u010du.\n<\/p>\n
Komposta pagatavo\u0161ana var b\u016bt tikpat vienk\u0101r\u0161a k\u0101 visu ieb\u0113rt tvertn\u0113, pagaid\u012bt, kam\u0113r paiet sezona, un tad izkais\u012bt d\u0101rz\u0101 visvair\u0101k sagremoju\u0161os materi\u0101lu, bet nesagremoto materi\u0101lu atgriezt tvertn\u0113. Vai ar\u012b visp\u0101r nevajag veidot kompostu: Vienk\u0101r\u0161i atst\u0101jiet organiskos materi\u0101lus uz augsnes, lai tie sadal\u012btos. Jebkur\u0161 augu materi\u0101ls, ieskaitot kult\u016braugu atliekas un izrav\u0113t\u0101s nez\u0101les, augsnes organismiem to sadalot, pie\u0161\u0137irs organisk\u0101s vielas. V\u0113l viens organisko vielu avots ir saknes, t\u0101p\u0113c, t\u012brot dobi, es nevis izraucu augus, bet nogrie\u017eu tos pie augsnes robe\u017eas un atst\u0101ju saknes sadal\u012bties.\n<\/p>\n
Vienk\u0101r\u0161i. Man acis ieple\u0161as, kad d\u0101rzkop\u012bbas gr\u0101mat\u0101s redzu vien\u0101dojumus un sare\u017e\u0123\u012btas diagrammas, un Bartolomeja un D\u017eeivona gr\u0101mat\u0101s to netr\u016bkst. Lai gan kopum\u0101 es balsoju par to, lai izvair\u012btos no p\u0101rlieku sare\u017e\u0123\u012btiem un preskript\u012bviem st\u0101d\u012b\u0161anas padomiem, es uzskatu, ka d\u0101rzkop\u012bbas pamatdokumentu k\u0101rto\u0161ana ir noder\u012bga. Tiem nav j\u0101b\u016bt sare\u017e\u0123\u012btiem, bet ir labi pierakst\u012bt, kad un ko st\u0101d\u0101t, ra\u017eas nov\u0101k\u0161anas datumus un piez\u012bmes par kait\u0113k\u013cu probl\u0113m\u0101m, lai \u0161\u012b inform\u0101cija b\u016btu j\u016bsu r\u012bc\u012bb\u0101 un j\u016bs var\u0113tu veikt labi inform\u0113tus piel\u0101gojumus, pl\u0101nojot n\u0101kam\u0101 gada d\u0101rzu. (Lai veiktu \u0161\u0101dus ierakstus digit\u0101l\u0101 form\u0101t\u0101, izm\u0113\u0123iniet MOTHER EARTH NEWS d\u0101rze\u0146u d\u0101rza pl\u0101not\u0101ju.)\n<\/p>\n
Ignor\u0113jiet mulsino\u0161os d\u0101rzkop\u012bbas noteikumus un m\u012btus, kas izplat\u012bti internet\u0101 un citos avotos. Piem\u0113ram, t\u0101das k\u0101 \"tom\u0101ti m\u012bl baziliku\" ir liel\u0101koties m\u012bts, lai gan st\u0101d\u012b\u0161anas noz\u012bme, lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu bar\u012bbas vielu apriti da\u017e\u0101diem kult\u016braugiem un piesaist\u012btu der\u012bgos kukai\u0146us, ir labi zin\u0101ma (vair\u0101k lasiet sada\u013c\u0101 Vesel\u012bgas augsnes uztur\u0113\u0161ana, izmantojot augseku). Mana pieredze liecina, ka varat dro\u0161i ne\u0146emt v\u0113r\u0101 liel\u0101ko da\u013cu augsekas sist\u0113mu, jo sal\u012bdzino\u0161i maz kult\u016braugu daudzveid\u012bg\u0101 d\u0101rz\u0101 var ciest no augsnes slim\u012bb\u0101m vai kait\u0113k\u013ciem. Kad uzzin\u0101siet, k\u0101das probl\u0113mas sastopamas j\u016bsu re\u0123ion\u0101, j\u016bs zin\u0101siet, kurus kult\u016braugus rot\u0113t. Piem\u0113ram, tur, kur es dz\u012bvoju, s\u012bpolu dzimtas augiem un kartupe\u013ciem ir augsts sak\u0146u slim\u012bbu risks, t\u0101p\u0113c \u010detru gadu augsekas ir sapr\u0101t\u012bgas, bet es neuztraucos par to, ka citiem d\u0101rze\u0146iem b\u016btu j\u0101paredz garas augsekas.\n<\/p>\n
![](\"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/auto_content\/local_image\/8932734911523093.webp\")
<\/figure>\nAtp\u016btieties un smaidiet. D\u0101rziem j\u0101b\u016bt individu\u0101liem un jautriem. Tie var b\u016bt tik sakopti vai tik me\u017eon\u012bgi, cik vien v\u0113laties, to uztur\u0113\u0161ana var pras\u012bt maz p\u016b\u013cu, un tom\u0113r tie var sara\u017eot p\u0101rsteidzo\u0161i daudz p\u0101rtikas no nelielas plat\u012bbas. Ja jums pat\u012bk rakt dobes, apgriezt kompostu vai ier\u012bkot audz\u0113\u0161anas kastes, turpiniet, tikai nedom\u0101jiet, ka kaut kas no t\u0101 ir oblig\u0101ta pras\u012bba, lai d\u0101rzs b\u016btu bag\u0101ts. Es person\u012bgi uzskatu, ka, jo maz\u0101k laika un p\u016b\u013cu prasa p\u0101rtikas audz\u0113\u0161ana, jo vair\u0101k laika atliek t\u0101s baud\u012b\u0161anai!\n<\/p>\n
Kvadr\u0101tp\u0113das d\u0101rzkop\u012bbas principi
\n<\/h2>\n- \n
- Kultiv\u0113jiet maz\u0101s, pacelt\u0101s d\u0101rza kast\u0113s, kas ir vismaz 6 collas dzi\u013cas, sadal\u012btas 1 x 1 p\u0113das re\u017e\u0123\u012b (bie\u017ei vien 16 laukumi katr\u0101 kast\u0113).<\/font><\/font><\/li>\n
- Piepildiet kastes ar aug\u0161anas vidi, kas izgatavota no vienas tre\u0161da\u013cas k\u016bdras s\u016bn\u0101m, vienas tre\u0161da\u013cas vermikul\u012bta un vienas tre\u0161da\u013cas sajaukta komposta.<\/font><\/font><\/li>\n
- Intens\u012bvi st\u0101diet noteikto skaitu katras kult\u016bras, kuru izv\u0113laties augt katr\u0101 re\u017e\u0123a viet\u0101, atkar\u012bb\u0101 no auga lieluma. <\/font>(Nor\u0101d\u012btos skait\u013cus skatiet Bartolomeja gr\u0101mat\u0101. Piem\u0113ram, katr\u0101 kvadr\u0101t\u0101 iest\u0101diet vienu broko\u013cu un 16 burk\u0101nus.)<\/font><\/font><\/li>\n
- Katr\u0101 kvadr\u0101t\u0101 ies\u0113jiet tikai tik nepiecie\u0161amo s\u0113klu skaitu, lai izvair\u012btos no s\u0113klu iz\u0161\u0137\u0113rd\u0113\u0161anas.<\/font><\/font><\/li>\n
- Nepievienot m\u0113slojumu; <\/font>pa\u013cauties uz kompostu aug\u0161anas vid\u0113, lai ieg\u016btu bar\u012bbas vielas.<\/font><\/font><\/li>\n
- Praktiz\u0113jiet d\u0101rzkop\u012bbu, kam nepiecie\u0161ama maza apkope, bez rak\u0161anas, augsnes apstr\u0101des, augsnes sagatavo\u0161anas, augsnes p\u0101rbaudes vai kultiv\u0113\u0161anas.<\/font><\/font><\/li>\n
- Ieg\u016bstiet pak\u0101penisku ra\u017eu, veicot st\u0101d\u012b\u0161anu p\u0113c k\u0101rtas.<\/font><\/font><\/li>\n
- Izmantojiet vertik\u0101lo telpu, audz\u0113jot v\u012bnogul\u0101jus uz balstiem.<\/font><\/font><\/li>\n
- Atst\u0101jiet platas ejas (vismaz 3 p\u0113das platas) starp aug\u0161anas kast\u0113m, lai \u0113rti str\u0101d\u0101tu sav\u0101s gult\u0101s un manevr\u0113tu starp t\u0101m.<\/font><\/font><\/li>\n
- Lietojiet instrumentus minim\u0101li \u2013 p\u0101rst\u0101d\u012b\u0161anai nepiecie\u0161ama tikai \u0161pakte\u013cl\u0101psti\u0146a, z\u012bmulis caurumu izdur\u0161anai un st\u0101du izcel\u0161anai no podiem un \u0161\u0137\u0113res ra\u017eas nov\u0101k\u0161anai.<\/font><\/font><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
10 biointens\u012bv\u0101s d\u0101rzkop\u012bbas principi
\n<\/h2>\n![](\"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/auto_content\/local_image\/6931443692996732.webp\")
<\/figure>\n- \n
- Atsl\u0101biniet augsni st\u0101d\u012b\u0161anas viet\u0101s ar paaugstin\u0101t\u0101m gult\u0101m, veicot dubultrak\u0161anu l\u012bdz 2 p\u0113du dzi\u013cumam.<\/font><\/font><\/li>\n
- Novietojiet augus cie\u0161i se\u0161st\u016brain\u0101 st\u0101d\u012b\u0161anas sh\u0113m\u0101.<\/font><\/font><\/li>\n
- Nelietojiet \u0137\u012bmiskas vielas.<\/font><\/font><\/li>\n
- Kompost\u0113jiet uz vietas un izmantojiet kompostu, lai labotu un izveidotu augsni.<\/font><\/font><\/li>\n
- Izmantojiet siner\u0123isku st\u0101d\u012b\u0161anu (sauktu ar\u012b par \u201cst\u0101d\u012b\u0161anas pavadoni\u201d), lai kop\u0101 audz\u0113ti augi uzlabotu viens otru.<\/font><\/font><\/li>\n
- Apm\u0113ram 60 procentos no aug\u0161anas plat\u012bbas st\u0101diet div\u0113j\u0101da lietojuma, oglekli taupo\u0161as kult\u016bras, piem\u0113ram, graudus. <\/font>(\u0160\u0101das kult\u016bras nodro\u0161ina iev\u0113rojamu daudzumu uztura kaloriju, k\u0101 ar\u012b iev\u0113rojamu daudzumu oglekli saturo\u0161a materi\u0101la kompost\u0113\u0161anai.)<\/font><\/font><\/li>\n
- Audz\u0113jiet kalorijas efekt\u012bvas sak\u0146u kult\u016bras, piem\u0113ram, kartupe\u013cus, apm\u0113ram 30 procentos no audz\u0113\u0161anas plat\u012bbas.<\/font><\/font><\/li>\n
- S\u0113jiet atkl\u0101t\u0101s apputeksn\u0113t\u0101s s\u0113klas, lai saglab\u0101tu \u0123en\u0113tisko daudzveid\u012bbu.<\/font><\/font><\/li>\n
- Izveidojiet \u201csl\u0113gtu\u201d, savstarp\u0113ji saist\u012btu audz\u0113\u0161anas sist\u0113mu, kur\u0101 j\u016bsu \u201cminiferma\u201d sara\u017eo pietiekami daudz organisko vielu, lai uztur\u0113tu augsni sist\u0113m\u0101.<\/font><\/font><\/li>\n
- Ra\u017eojiet p\u0101rtiku t\u0101d\u0101 veid\u0101, kas sal\u012bdzin\u0101jum\u0101 ar parasto lauksaimniec\u012bbu iev\u0113rojami samazina resursu izmanto\u0161anu un koncentr\u0113jas uz daudzveid\u012bbu, augsnes veido\u0161anu un augstas ra\u017eas sasnieg\u0161anu.<\/font><\/font><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Linda A. Gilkesone ir ieguvusi doktora gr\u0101du entomolo\u0123ij\u0101 un jau vair\u0101k nek\u0101 20 gadus nodarbojas ar d\u0101rzkopju izgl\u012bto\u0161anu, organiz\u0113jot semin\u0101rus un rakstot. Vi\u0146a d\u0101rznieko Britu Kolumbij\u0101 un ir vair\u0101ku d\u0101rzkop\u012bbas gr\u0101matu autore, tostarp Backyard Bounty: The Complete Guide to Year-Round Organic Gardening in Pacific Northwest.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Izmantojiet \u0161\u012bs maz\u0101s d\u0101rzkop\u012bbas idejas, lai izaudz\u0113tu vair\u0101k p\u0101rtikas neliel\u0101s plat\u012bb\u0101s, un izveidojiet produkt\u012bvu audz\u0113\u0161anas sist\u0113mu. Neatkar\u012bgi no t\u0101, vai audz\u0113jat p\u0101rtiku pla\u0161\u0101 lauku s\u0113t\u0101 vai pirmo reizi veidojat d\u0101rzu pils\u0113t\u0101, atteik\u0161an\u0101s no st\u0101d\u012b\u0161anas pa rind\u0101m un intens\u012bvas d\u0101rzkop\u012bbas meto\u017eu izmanto\u0161ana var pal\u012bdz\u0113t izaudz\u0113t produkt\u012bv\u0101ku d\u0101rzu, kuru ar\u012b efekt\u012bv\u0101k apsaimniekot. \u0160\u012bs metodes pav\u0113rs jaunu pasauli, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":81886,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[118],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-81871","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-gardening-techniques"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/81871","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=81871"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/81871\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/81886"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=81871"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=81871"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=81871"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
- Novietojiet augus cie\u0161i se\u0161st\u016brain\u0101 st\u0101d\u012b\u0161anas sh\u0113m\u0101.<\/font><\/font><\/li>\n
- Piepildiet kastes ar aug\u0161anas vidi, kas izgatavota no vienas tre\u0161da\u013cas k\u016bdras s\u016bn\u0101m, vienas tre\u0161da\u013cas vermikul\u012bta un vienas tre\u0161da\u013cas sajaukta komposta.<\/font><\/font><\/li>\n
- Pa\u013cau\u0161an\u0101s uz kompostu. <\/font>Abas sist\u0113mas balst\u0101s uz p\u0101rbaud\u012btu un patiesu visas biolo\u0123isk\u0101s d\u0101rzkop\u012bbas pamatu: lielas komposta devas, lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu sabalans\u0113tas, l\u0113nas izdal\u012b\u0161an\u0101s bar\u012bbas vielas, kas nepiecie\u0161amas vesel\u012bgu kult\u016bru audz\u0113\u0161anai. <\/font>Kompost\u0101 eso\u0161\u0101s organisk\u0101s vielas ar\u012b palielina augsnes \u016bdensiztur\u012bbas sp\u0113ju un uzlabo t\u0101s strukt\u016bru.<\/font><\/font><\/li>\n