(S\u012bk\u0101ku inform\u0101ciju par daudzu citu d\u0101rze\u0146u un aug\u013cu audz\u0113\u0161anu skatiet m\u016bsu kolekcijas Crop at a Glance lap\u0101.)\n<\/p>\n
Neviens augs nedod tik saldus ien\u0101kumus k\u0101 aug\u013cu koki. No aukstumiztur\u012bg\u0101m \u0101bel\u0113m un \u0137ir\u0161iem l\u012bdz pustropu citrusaug\u013ciem - aug\u013cu koki aug gandr\u012bz visos klimatiskajos apst\u0101k\u013cos. Aug\u013cu koku audz\u0113\u0161ana prasa r\u016bp\u012bgu atzaro\u0161anu un r\u016bp\u012bgu kait\u0113k\u013cu uzraudz\u012bbu, un jums j\u0101s\u0101k ar t\u0101da veida aug\u013cu kokiem, kas labi aug j\u016bsu re\u0123ion\u0101.\n<\/p>\n
Izv\u0113lieties \u0161\u0137irnes, ko ieteicis viet\u0113jais konsult\u0101ciju dienests, jo da\u017e\u0101m \u0161\u0137irn\u0113m nepiecie\u0161ams noteikts atdzes\u0113\u0161anas stundu skaits (stundu skaits, kad temperat\u016bra ir zem\u0101ka par 45 gr\u0101diem p\u0113c F\u0101renheita).\n<\/p>\n
Pat aug\u013ckoki, kas tiek raksturoti k\u0101 pa\u0161augl\u012bgi, lab\u0101k d\u0113j aug\u013cus, ja tos audz\u0113 net\u0101lu no citas \u0161\u0137irnes, par kuru zin\u0101ms, ka t\u0101 ir sader\u012bgs apputeksn\u0113t\u0101js. Papla\u0161in\u0101\u0161anas publik\u0101cij\u0101s un st\u0101daudz\u0113tavu katalogos bie\u017ei vien ir iek\u013cautas tabulas, kur\u0101s uzskait\u012btas sader\u012bgas \u0161\u0137irnes.\n<\/p>\n
\u0100boli (Malus domestica) ir vispopul\u0101r\u0101kie koku aug\u013ci, jo tie ir pla\u0161i piem\u0113roti, sal\u012bdzino\u0161i viegli audz\u0113jami un ierasti gar\u0161as k\u0101rpi\u0146\u0101m. Ide\u0101lais augsnes pH \u0101bel\u0113m ir 6,5, bet \u0101beles var piel\u0101goties ar\u012b sk\u0101b\u0101kai augsnei, ja t\u0101 ir augl\u012bga un labi dren\u0113ta. Liel\u0101k\u0101 da\u013ca \u0101bolu \u0161\u0137ir\u0146u, tostarp pret slim\u012bb\u0101m notur\u012bg\u0101s ‘Freedom’ un ‘Liberty,’ ir piem\u0113rotas 4.-7. aukstumiztur\u012bbas zonai (ja nezin\u0101t savu zonu, skatiet “Zini savu aukstumiztur\u012bbas zonu” t\u0101l\u0101k \u0161aj\u0101 rakst\u0101), bet maigas ziemas klimatiskajos apst\u0101k\u013cos jums b\u016bs vajadz\u012bgas zema aukstuma \u0161\u0137irnes, piem\u0113ram, ‘Anna’ un ‘Pink Lady,’. Neatkar\u012bgi no klimata, lai ieg\u016btu labu aug\u013cu ra\u017eu, s\u0101kum\u0101 izv\u0113lieties divus kokus, kas ir sader\u012bgi apputeksn\u0113t\u0101ji. Vidussezonas un v\u0113l\u0101s sezonas \u0101boliem parasti ir lab\u0101ka gar\u0161a un tie ilg\u0101k uzglab\u0101jas sal\u012bdzin\u0101jum\u0101 ar agr\u012bnaj\u0101m \u0161\u0137irn\u0113m.\n<\/p>\n
\u0136ir\u0161u (Prunus avium (saldie) un P. cerasus (sk\u0101bie)) kr\u0101sa vari\u0113 no saulaini dzeltenas l\u012bdz gandr\u012bz melnai, un tos iedala divos apak\u0161tipos: kompakt\u0101s sald\u0101s \u0161\u0137irnes, piem\u0113ram, ‘Stella,’ un sk\u0101bie jeb p\u012br\u0101ga \u0137ir\u0161i, piem\u0113ram, ‘Montmorency’ un ‘North Star.’ \u0136ir\u0161i vislab\u0101k piem\u0113roti 4.-7. zonai, tiem nepiecie\u0161ama augl\u012bga, gandr\u012bz neitr\u0101la augsne un lieliska gaisa cirkul\u0101cija. Augot 12 p\u0113du augstus jebkura apak\u0161tipa pundur\u0137ir\u0161us, b\u016bs vienk\u0101r\u0161\u0101k aizsarg\u0101t ra\u017eu no slim\u012bb\u0101m un putniem, jo mazos kokus var p\u0101rkl\u0101t ar aizsargt\u012bklu vai viegli apsmidzin\u0101t ar s\u0113ru vai kaol\u012bna m\u0101lu.\n<\/p>\n
Citrusaug\u013ci (citrusaug\u013cu hibr\u012bdi), tostarp kumkvats, mandar\u012bna apels\u012bns, sacuma un Mejera citrons, ir vieni no visviegl\u0101k biolo\u0123iski audz\u0113jamiem aug\u013cu kokiem 8.b l\u012bdz 10. zon\u0101. Citrusaug\u013cu lap\u0101s un miz\u0101s eso\u0161\u0101s smar\u017e\u012bg\u0101s e\u013c\u013cas nodro\u0161ina aizsardz\u012bbu pret kait\u0113k\u013ciem, bet iztur\u012bba pret aukstumu ir ierobe\u017eota. ‘Nagami’ kumkvatu, ‘Owari’ satsuma un ‘Meijera’ citronu kokus reiz\u0113m var n\u0101kties p\u0101rkl\u0101t ar segu, kad temperat\u016bra nosl\u012bd zem nulles, bet m\u0101j\u0101s audz\u0113to citrusaug\u013cu ziemas ra\u017ea b\u016bs t\u0101 v\u0113rta.\n<\/p>\n
Persiki un nektar\u012bni (Prunus persica) ir ikviena v\u0113lmju sarakst\u0101, ta\u010du \u0161o aug\u013cu koku biolo\u0123iskai audz\u0113\u0161anai ir nepiecie\u0161ama lieliska vieta, profilaktiska kait\u0113k\u013cu apkaro\u0161ana un veiksme. Persikiem un nektar\u012bniem vair\u0101k nek\u0101 citiem aug\u013cu kokiem nepiecie\u0161ama dzi\u013ca augsne bez sabl\u012bv\u0113ta apak\u0161k\u0101rtas vai cietas grunts. Persiki un nektar\u012bni vislab\u0101k piem\u0113roti 5.-8. klimata zonai, bet specializ\u0113tas \u0161\u0137irnes var audz\u0113t ar\u012b aukst\u0101k\u0101 vai silt\u0101k\u0101 klimat\u0101. Persiku un nektar\u012bnu koki bie\u017ei vien ir \u012bsm\u016b\u017e\u012bgi, jo tos apgrau\u017e koksnes kukai\u0146i, t\u0101p\u0113c pl\u0101nots st\u0101d\u012bt jaunus kokus ik p\u0113c 10 gadiem.\n<\/p>\n
Pl\u016bm\u0113m (Prunus sugas un hibr\u012bdi) ir tendence nest aug\u013cus neregul\u0101ri, jo koki bie\u017ei zaud\u0113 ra\u017eu v\u0113lu salnu vai slim\u012bbu d\u0113\u013c. Labos gados pl\u016bmju koki dod bag\u0101t\u012bgu sul\u012bgu aug\u013cu ra\u017eu, kuru kr\u0101sa vari\u0113 no gai\u0161i za\u013cas l\u012bdz tum\u0161i violetai. Pl\u016bm\u0113m, kas vislab\u0101k piem\u0113rotas 4.-8. zonai, ir nepiecie\u0161ama vismaz viena sader\u012bga \u0161\u0137irne tuvum\u0101, lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu labu apputeksn\u0113\u0161anu. Da\u017eos apgabalos lab\u0101k\u0101s m\u0101jas pl\u016bmes var b\u016bt selekcion\u0113tas viet\u0113j\u0101s sugas, piem\u0113ram, pludmales pl\u016bmes zieme\u013caustrumos vai smil\u0161u pl\u016bmes vidienvidrietumos.\n<\/p>\n
Bumbieri (Pyrus sugas un hibr\u012bdi) ir nedaudz maz\u0101k aukstumiztur\u012bgi nek\u0101 \u0101boli, ta\u010du tos ir viegl\u0101k audz\u0113t biolo\u0123iski da\u017e\u0101dos klimatiskajos apst\u0101k\u013cos. Zon\u0101s no 4. l\u012bdz 7. zonai izv\u0113lieties bumbieru \u0161\u0137irnes, kas ir labi iztur\u012bgas pret ugunsnedro\u0161\u012bbu, piem\u0113ram, ‘Honeysweet’ vai ‘Moonglow.’ Zon\u0101s no 5. l\u012bdz 8. zonai \u0100zijas bumbieru koki bie\u017ei vien dod skaistus, krauk\u0161\u0137\u012bgus aug\u013cus ar krauk\u0161\u0137\u012bgu m\u012bkstumu, ja tiem tiek nodro\u0161in\u0101ta regul\u0101ra kop\u0161ana. Liel\u0101k\u0101 da\u013ca galda kvalit\u0101tes bumbieru j\u0101nov\u0101c, pirms tie ir piln\u012bb\u0101 nogatavoju\u0161ies.\n<\/p>\n
Lab\u0101kais laiks aug\u013cu koku st\u0101d\u012b\u0161anai 3.-7. zon\u0101 ir agri pavasar\u012b, kad augsne ir atkususi. Aug\u013cu koki, kas iest\u0101d\u012bti, tikko tie izn\u0101ku\u0161i no ziemas miera miera, \u0101tri izaudz\u0113s jaunas saknes. 8.-10. zonas aug\u013ckoki j\u0101st\u0101da febru\u0101r\u012b. Izv\u0113lieties saulainu vietu ar augl\u012bgu, labi dren\u0113tu augsni, kas neatrodas zema sala kabat\u0101. Izrokiet st\u0101d\u012b\u0161anas bedri, kas ir divreiz liel\u0101ka par koka sak\u0146u bumbu. R\u016bp\u012bgi izl\u012bdziniet saknes bedr\u0113 un aizb\u0113rtiet t\u0101s ar augsni. St\u0101diet kokus t\u0101d\u0101 pa\u0161\u0101 dzi\u013cum\u0101, k\u0101d\u0101 tie auga st\u0101daudz\u0113tav\u0101, uzmanot, lai neaizglab\u0101tu potzaru savienojumus (uzbriedu\u0161\u0101s vietas), kas atrodas uz galven\u0101 stumbra. Labi aplaistiet un virs stumbra zem\u0101k\u0101s da\u013cas uzlieciet stumbra aizsargu, kas izgatavots no met\u0101la auduma vai spir\u0101lveida plastmasas, lai pasarg\u0101tu stumbru no kukai\u0146iem, grauz\u0113jiem, saules apdegumiem un fizisk\u0101m traum\u0101m. Koku piespr\u0101dz\u0113jiet pie stumbra, lai to notur\u0113tu stabili. Mul\u010d\u0113jiet iest\u0101d\u012bto koku sak\u0146u zonu ar koksnes skaid\u0101m, z\u0101\u0123u skaid\u0101m vai citu l\u0113ni k\u016bsto\u0161u mul\u010du. Pirmajos divos gados sausuma periodos \u012bpa\u0161i labi laistiet.\n<\/p>\n
Gadu p\u0113c st\u0101d\u012b\u0161anas pavasar\u012b m\u0113slojiet aug\u013cu kokus, norokot mul\u010du un augsnes virsk\u0101rt\u0101 ieberot sabalans\u0113tu organisko m\u0113slojumu (j\u0101iev\u0113ro lieto\u0161anas normas, kas nor\u0101d\u012btas uz produkta eti\u0137etes). P\u0113c tam pievienojiet mul\u010du uz koksnes b\u0101zes, lai mul\u010das dzi\u013cums sasniegtu 4 collas 4 p\u0113du apl\u012b ap koku. P\u0113c diviem gadiem p\u0101rtrauciet lietot stumbra aizsargu, t\u0101 viet\u0101 stumbrus p\u0101rkl\u0101jiet ar baltu lateksa kr\u0101su, lai pasarg\u0101tu no ziemas traum\u0101m. Kr\u0101sai pievienojiet smiltis, lai atbaid\u012btu tru\u0161us un kurmjus.\n<\/p>\n
Aug\u013cu koku apgrie\u0161ana ir svar\u012bgs aug\u013cu koku audz\u0113\u0161anas aspekts. Aug\u013cu koku apgrie\u0161anas m\u0113r\u0137is ir nodro\u0161in\u0101t lap\u0101m un aug\u013ciem piek\u013cuvi gaismai un svaigam gaisam. Ide\u0101lais zaru veido\u0161an\u0101s modelis at\u0161\u0137iras atkar\u012bb\u0101 no sugas, un da\u017eas \u0101beles un bumbieres var apgriezt un izveidot \u017eogu vai sienu aptvero\u0161as e\u0161alona formas, lai ietaup\u012btu vietu. Aug\u013cu kokus s\u0101k apgriezt, lai veidotu to formu pirmaj\u0101 gad\u0101, un p\u0113c tam katru gadu ziemas beig\u0101s, pirms pumpuri uzplaukst, tos apgrie\u017e. Lab\u0101k ir apgriezt nedaudz par daudz ap\u0161aub\u0101mas aug\u0161anas, nevis p\u0101r\u0101k maz.\n<\/p>\n
Daudzi aug\u013cu koki iev\u0101c p\u0101r\u0101k daudz aug\u013cu, un to p\u0101rpalikums ir j\u0101retin\u0101s. \u0100zijas bumbieru kokiem 70 % za\u013co aug\u013cu j\u0101nogrie\u017e, kad bumbieri ir desmitnieka lieluma, bet \u0101beles retina l\u012bdz 6 collu att\u0101lumam, pirms aug\u013ci sasniedz ceturtda\u013cnieka lielumu. Ja jebkura veida aug\u013cu kokiem ir liela ra\u017ea, retin\u0101\u0161ana, retinot da\u013cu za\u013co aug\u013cu, palielin\u0101s aug\u013cu lielumu, samazin\u0101s zaru l\u016b\u0161anu un pal\u012bdz\u0113s nov\u0113rst alternat\u012bvo aug\u0161anu (kad koks ra\u017eo ra\u017eu tikai reizi divos gados).\n<\/p>\n
Iz\u0146emot bumbierus, koku aug\u013ci j\u0101nov\u0101c, kad tie ir piln\u012bgi nogatavoju\u0161ies, un p\u0113c tam j\u0101glab\u0101 atdzes\u0113ti, lai pal\u0113nin\u0101tu boj\u0101\u0161anos. Vairuma \u0101bolu gar\u0161a uzlabojas p\u0113c da\u017e\u0101m ned\u0113\u013c\u0101m aukstum\u0101, t\u0101p\u0113c var noder\u0113t otrs ledusskapis vai sak\u0146u pagrabs. \u0100bolus un bumbierus ledusskap\u012b var uzglab\u0101t vair\u0101kus m\u0113ne\u0161us, bet m\u012bkst\u0101kos kaule\u0146aug\u013cus (\u0137ir\u0161us, nektar\u012bnus, persikus un pl\u016bmes), lai tos uzglab\u0101tu ilgsto\u0161i, da\u017eu dienu laik\u0101 p\u0113c ra\u017eas nov\u0101k\u0161anas j\u0101konserv\u0113, j\u0101\u017e\u0101v\u0113, j\u0101sald\u0113 vai j\u0101izspie\u017e sulas.\n<\/p>\n
Da\u017ei aug\u013caugu veidi piesaista lielu skaitu kukai\u0146u kait\u0113k\u013cu un var ciest no vair\u0101k\u0101m pla\u0161i izplat\u012bt\u0101m slim\u012bb\u0101m, pret kur\u0101m nav pieejamas iztur\u012bgas \u0161\u0137irnes. Piem\u0113ram, visi kaule\u0146aug\u013ci bie\u017ei slimo ar br\u016bno puvi - s\u0113n\u012b\u0161u slim\u012bbu, kas p\u0101rziemo mumific\u0113tos aug\u013cos. Lai apspiestu br\u016bno puvi un citas izplat\u012btas slim\u012bbas, agr\u012bn\u0101 sezon\u0101 lietojiet s\u0113ra smidzin\u0101t\u0101jus. Da\u017e\u0101m \u0101bel\u0113m ir laba \u0123en\u0113tisk\u0101 iztur\u012bba pret kraupi un r\u016bsu, bet jums joproj\u0101m b\u016bs j\u0101c\u012bn\u0101s ar kait\u0113k\u013ciem, piem\u0113ram, kodes laputis.\n<\/p>\n
\u013baujot vist\u0101m baroties zem aug\u013cu kokiem, var pal\u012bdz\u0113t apkarot kukai\u0146us. Daudzi biolo\u0123iskie audz\u0113t\u0101ji aug\u013ckokus ve\u0123et\u0101cijas period\u0101 p\u0101rkl\u0101j ar kaol\u012bna m\u0101lu, lai atbaid\u012btu kait\u0113k\u013cus.\n<\/p>\n
Lielu ra\u017eas nov\u0101k\u0161anu no nobriedu\u0161iem aug\u013cu kokiem b\u016bs j\u0101apstr\u0101d\u0101 ar da\u017e\u0101d\u0101m p\u0101rtikas saglab\u0101\u0161anas prasm\u0113m. Manu\u0101l\u0101s aug\u013cu apstr\u0101des iek\u0101rtas, piem\u0113ram, \u0137ir\u0161u mizot\u0101js (sk. diapozit\u012bvu) vai \u0101bolu mizot\u0101js.\n<\/p>\n
\u0160aj\u0101 rakst\u0101 min\u0113t\u0101s “Zonas” ir ieg\u016btas no Amerikas Savienoto Valstu Lauksaimniec\u012bbas departamenta public\u0113taj\u0101m kart\u0113m, kur\u0101s nor\u0101d\u012bta vid\u0113j\u0101 minim\u0101l\u0101 ziemas temperat\u016bra katr\u0101 re\u0123ion\u0101. Da\u017ei aug\u013cu veidi var iztur\u0113t liel\u0101ku ziemas aukstumu nek\u0101 citi, t\u0101p\u0113c, pirms izv\u0113laties aug\u013cu kokus, ir svar\u012bgi zin\u0101t, cik aukstumiztur\u012bgi ir j\u016bsu apgabala augi. Ja nezin\u0101t savu zonu, to var uzzin\u0101t Amerikas Savienoto Valstu Lauksaimniec\u012bbas departament\u0101. Ja kokaudz\u0113tava, kas ieg\u0101d\u0101jas pa pastu, nenor\u0101da, k\u0101dai zonai augi ir piem\u0113roti, jums, iesp\u0113jams, j\u0101ieg\u0101d\u0101jas no cita pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ja.\n<\/p>\n
Redaktore Barbara Pleasant str\u0101d\u0101 d\u0101rz\u0101 Vird\u017e\u012bnijas dienvidrietumu da\u013c\u0101, kur vi\u0146a audz\u0113 d\u0101rze\u0146us, gar\u0161augus, aug\u013cus, aug\u013cus, ziedus un da\u017eus laim\u012bgus visti\u0146us. Sazinieties ar Barbaru, apmekl\u0113jot vi\u0146as t\u012bmek\u013ca vietni.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
(S\u012bk\u0101ku inform\u0101ciju par daudzu citu d\u0101rze\u0146u un aug\u013cu audz\u0113\u0161anu skatiet m\u016bsu kolekcijas Crop at a Glance lap\u0101.) Neviens augs nedod tik saldus ien\u0101kumus k\u0101 aug\u013cu koki. No aukstumiztur\u012bg\u0101m \u0101bel\u0113m un \u0137ir\u0161iem l\u012bdz pustropu citrusaug\u013ciem - aug\u013cu koki aug gandr\u012bz visos klimatiskajos apst\u0101k\u013cos. Aug\u013cu koku audz\u0113\u0161ana prasa r\u016bp\u012bgu atzaro\u0161anu un r\u016bp\u012bgu kait\u0113k\u013cu uzraudz\u012bbu, un jums j\u0101s\u0101k […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":81730,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[115],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-81715","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-fruits"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/81715","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=81715"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/81715\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/81730"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=81715"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=81715"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=81715"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}