{"id":80727,"date":"2023-03-07T10:55:48","date_gmt":"2023-03-07T07:55:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/demo5.teaser-cube.ru\/2023\/03\/07\/lv-kreolu-dziednieki-un-garsaugi\/"},"modified":"2023-03-07T10:55:48","modified_gmt":"2023-03-07T07:55:48","slug":"lv-kreolu-dziednieki-un-garsaugi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/2023\/03\/07\/lv-kreolu-dziednieki-un-garsaugi\/","title":{"rendered":"Kreolu dziednieki un gar\u0161augi"},"content":{"rendered":"
Augot dienvidu Luizi\u0101n\u0101, nebija nekas neparasts dzird\u0113t, ka vec\u0101ki pieaugu\u0161ie man\u0101 \u0123imen\u0113 run\u0101 fran\u010du valod\u0101. Mana mamma no m\u0101jas aizmugur\u0113j\u0101m durv\u012bm sauca: “Viens manger,” mudinot mani un divus vec\u0101kos br\u0101\u013cus ien\u0101kt iek\u0161\u0101, lai \u0113stu vakari\u0146as. Mani vecvec\u0101ki, kuri visi uzaugu\u0161i ar fran\u010du valodu k\u0101 pirmo valodu, joproj\u0101m to lieto, lai sazin\u0101tos ar jaun\u0101ko paaudzi, tostarp mani, kas to apguva imersijas programm\u0101s.\n<\/p>\n
Ar bag\u0101to lingvistisko mantojumu \u0161aj\u0101 re\u0123ion\u0101 ir cie\u0161i saist\u012bta sena kreolu trad\u012bcija, kas daudzviet citur valst\u012b ir praktiski aizmirsta, un t\u0101 ir pla\u0161i atz\u012bta. K\u0101dreiz izol\u0113t\u0101s lauku kopienas joproj\u0101m iev\u0113ro viduslaiku para\u017eas, piem\u0113ram, Courir de Mardi Gras, un \u0113d re\u0123ion\u0101los \u0113dienus, piem\u0113ram, gumbo, kas radu\u0161ies laik\u0101, kad par Amerikas Savienotaj\u0101m Valst\u012bm v\u0113l nebija ne jausmas. Tom\u0113r, farm\u0101cijas uz\u0146\u0113mumiem domin\u0113jot vesel\u012bbas apr\u016bp\u0113, viena trad\u012bcija ir liel\u0101 m\u0113r\u0101 aizmirsta - zin\u0101\u0161anas par viet\u0113jiem \u0101rstniec\u012bbas augiem.\n<\/p>\n
“Tas ir gandr\u012bz zaud\u0113ts,” saka Marija Perrina no Lafajetas pagasta d\u0101rzkopju asoci\u0101cijas (LPMGA) Luizi\u0101nas dienvidrietumos. Perrina st\u0101sta, ka Luizi\u0101nas kreoli v\u0113l ne tik sen\u0101 pag\u0101tn\u0113 — tikai pirms da\u017eiem gadu desmitiem — parasti l\u016bkoj\u0101s uz zemi, lai dziedin\u0101tu to, kas vi\u0146us moc\u012bja. Eiropie\u0161i, kas ierad\u0101s Luizi\u0101nas kolonij\u0101, bija p\u0101r\u0146\u0113mu\u0161i prakses no da\u017e\u0101m tuvum\u0101 dz\u012bvojo\u0161\u0101m Amerikas pamatiedz\u012bvot\u0101ju cilt\u012bm, piem\u0113ram, Atakapa I\u0161aka un \u010citimaha cilt\u012bm, l\u012bdz t\u0101s k\u013cuva par kreolu kult\u016bras sast\u0101vda\u013cu. (Skat. “Kreolu tauta un kult\u016bra ” turpm\u0101k.) Par \u0161iem augiem, kas \u0101rpus Luizi\u0101nas bija maz zin\u0101mi, tika teikts, ka tie nom\u0101c drudzi, mazina klepu vai nomierina s\u0101pes. Bie\u017ei vien \u0161o zin\u0101\u0161anu glab\u0101t\u0101ji bija kopienas \u0161t\u0101bi, kurus sauca par traiteurs, kas noz\u012bm\u0113 “dziednieki.” Vi\u0146i \u0101rst\u0113ja cilv\u0113kus sav\u0101 kopien\u0101, izmantojot Romas kato\u013cu l\u016bg\u0161anas, un vi\u0146i var\u0113ja izrakst\u012bt viet\u0113jos \u0101rstniec\u012bbas augus, kas, k\u0101 zi\u0146ots, var\u0113ja iz\u0101rst\u0113t daudzas probl\u0113mas. Ir teikts, ka traiteur var\u0113ja dziedin\u0101t t\u0101das kaites k\u0101 pot\u012btes izme\u017e\u0123\u012bjumus vai slim\u012bbas, piem\u0113ram, gripu.\n<\/p>\n
Tradicion\u0101li dziedniec\u012bbas m\u0101kslu nodod no m\u0101cek\u013ca m\u0101ceklim. 72 gadus vec\u0101 Perrina pati ir traitore, kura pirms 20 gadiem apguva dziedin\u0101\u0161anas praksi no k\u0101da vec\u0101ka v\u012brie\u0161a. “Vi\u0146\u0161 man iem\u0101c\u012bja l\u016bg\u0161anas, trad\u012bcijas,” vi\u0146a saka. “T\u0101 k\u0101 t\u0101s tiek nodotas mutiski, trad\u012bcijas m\u0113dz at\u0161\u0137irties.” Tas noz\u012bm\u0113, ka viens traitore var ieteikt dzert t\u0113ju, kas iem\u0113rkta viet\u0113jos gar\u0161augos, tr\u012bs reizes dien\u0101, bet traitore cit\u0101 kopien\u0101 var ieteikt dzert t\u0113ju piecas reizes dien\u0101.\n<\/p>\n
Trait\u016brs bie\u017ei vien \u0101rst\u0113ja slimos kopienas locek\u013cus ar l\u016bg\u0161an\u0101m, uzliekot rokas uz slimnieka un, iesp\u0113jams, izrakstot aptieci\u0146u, kas pagatavota no augiem, kuri atrodami vis\u0101 apk\u0101rtn\u0113. Lai gan traiteri vairs nav tik izplat\u012bti k\u0101 k\u0101dreiz, t\u0101di k\u0101 Perins joproj\u0101m ir sastopami pa Luizi\u0101nas dienvidu da\u013cu, lai gan, k\u0101 saka Perins, zin\u0101\u0161anas par \u0101rstniec\u012bbas augiem zin\u0101m\u0101 m\u0113r\u0101 ir zudu\u0161as dziednieku vid\u016b. Tagad daudzi \u0101rst\u0113t\u0101ji piev\u0113r\u0161as tikai l\u016bg\u0161an\u0101m.\n<\/p>\n
Ta\u010du ne tikai traiteri k\u0101dreiz zin\u0101ja par Luizi\u0101nas \u0101rstniec\u012bbas augu sp\u0113ku — par to izmanto\u0161anu zin\u0101ja daudzi. Par to liecina Luizi\u0101nas Valsts universit\u0101tes ma\u0123istranta \u010c\u0101rlza Bienvenu 1933. gada disert\u0101cija, kur\u0101 vi\u0146\u0161 p\u0113t\u012bja simtiem kreolu valodas p\u0101rst\u0101vju Luizi\u0101nas kreolu valod\u0101 Sentm\u0101rtina pagast\u0101. Lai p\u0113t\u012btu \u0161o valodu, kas at\u0161\u0137iras no viet\u0113j\u0101 Luizi\u0101nas fran\u010du valodas dialekta, vi\u0146\u0161 ar saviem p\u0113t\u0101majiem run\u0101ja par tautas \u0101rstniec\u012bbas l\u012bdzek\u013ciem Luizi\u0101nas kreoliski, kas vienm\u0113r sniedza bag\u0101t\u012bgas zin\u0101\u0161anas par viet\u0113jiem \u0101rstniec\u012bbas augiem. Rezult\u0101t\u0101 rad\u0101s viens no vispla\u0161\u0101kajiem m\u016bsdien\u0101s pieejamajiem kreolu tautas augu aprakstiem.\n<\/p>\n
Bienvenu darbs un citu p\u0113tnieku un prakti\u0137u darbs ir nodro\u0161in\u0101jis, ka inform\u0101cija par \u0161iem viet\u0113jiem augiem nav izzudusi. 2010. gad\u0101 Luizi\u0101nas Universit\u0101tes Lafaijet\u0101 (ULL) asoci\u0113tais antropolo\u0123ijas profesors K. Rejs Brasj\u0113rs (C. Ray Brassieur) s\u0101ka p\u0113t\u012bt Bienvenu’darbu, lai identific\u0113tu \u0161os augus un atkl\u0101tu to potenci\u0101lu m\u016bsdienu kontekst\u0101. Da\u017ei viet\u0113jie augi ir pla\u0161i paz\u012bstami, piem\u0113ram, pl\u016b\u0161koks un sausserdis, bet citi nav zin\u0101mi liel\u0101kajai da\u013cai cilv\u0113ku \u0101rpus Luizi\u0101nas dienvidu da\u013cas, piem\u0113ram, manglier (zemesriekstu kr\u016bms) un herbe \u00e0 malo (\u0137irzakas aste).\n<\/p>\n
2011. gad\u0101 LPMGA pal\u012bdz\u0113ja Brasj\u0113ram izveidot demonstr\u0113jumu d\u0101rzu Vermilionvill\u0101, muzej\u0101 Lafaijant\u0101, Luizi\u0101nas \u0161tat\u0101, kas kalpo k\u0101 dz\u012bv\u0101 ekspoz\u012bcija \u0161iem augiem un ar tiem saist\u012btajiem tautas \u0101rstniec\u012bbas l\u012bdzek\u013ciem. “Mums ir d\u0101rzs, lai m\u0113s nezaud\u0113tu zin\u0101\u0161anas,” Per\u0113ns saka: “M\u0113s saglab\u0101jam kult\u016bras trad\u012bcijas. Un mums ir ar\u012b fran\u010du trad\u012bcijas un kreoliskie augu nosaukumi.”\n<\/p>\n
2014. gad\u0101 Brasj\u0113rs un zin\u0101tnieku komanda no Penningtona Biomedic\u012bnas p\u0113t\u012bjumu centra, Rutgersa universit\u0101tes un LU LU dev\u0101s t\u0101l\u0101k, p\u0113tot da\u017eus atlas\u012btus augus no Bienvenu disert\u0101cijas, kuriem esot biju\u0161as sp\u0113c\u012bgas \u0101rstnieciskas \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas. P\u0113c lauka v\u0101k\u0161anas vi\u0146u p\u0113t\u012bjumi atkl\u0101ja, ka vair\u0101ki augi izce\u013cas ar izcil\u0101m pretiekaisuma \u012bpa\u0161\u012bb\u0101m un potenci\u0101lu 2. tipa diab\u0113ta \u0101rst\u0113\u0161an\u0101, un rezult\u0101ti tika public\u0113ti zin\u0101tnisk\u0101 \u017eurn\u0101la Nutrition 30. s\u0113jum\u0101.\n<\/p>\n
P\u0113tnieki turpin\u0101ja p\u0113t\u012bt vienu augu - mangliju, kas izr\u0101d\u012bj\u0101s visdaudzsolo\u0161\u0101kais no grupas. P\u0113c auga stubl\u0101ja un lapu ekstraktu izp\u0113tes p\u0113tnieki atkl\u0101ja, ka manglier ir potenci\u0101ls l\u012bdzeklis metabolisk\u0101 sindroma, kas ietver paaugstin\u0101tu cukura l\u012bmeni asin\u012bs, aptauko\u0161anos un augstu asinsspiedienu, \u0101rst\u0113\u0161anai. Starp ieguvumiem ir ar\u012b tas, ka manglier c\u012bn\u012bj\u0101s ar iekaisumu tauku \u0161\u016bn\u0101s, vienlaikus palielinot organisma sp\u0113ju veidot olbaltumvielas, kas ir labv\u0113l\u012bgas akn\u0101m un skeleta musku\u013ciem. \u0160ie atkl\u0101jumi tika public\u0113ti 2018. gad\u0101 starptautiskaj\u0101 recenz\u0113taj\u0101 \u017eurn\u0101l\u0101 Biology. width=\"75%\" height=\"360\" scrolling=\"no\">\n<\/p>\n
Turpm\u0101k uzskait\u012btie augi ir tie, ko Amerikas pamatiedz\u012bvot\u0101ju ciltis un kreolu kopienas izmantoju\u0161as paaudz\u0113m ilgi. Da\u017ei no tiem ir zin\u0101tniski pamatoti, un tie var\u0113tu b\u016bt v\u0113lami j\u016bsu \u0101rstniec\u012bbas augu d\u0101rza papildin\u0101jumi. Citus zin\u0101tnieki nav tik r\u016bp\u012bgi p\u0113t\u012bju\u0161i, mekl\u0113jot \u0101rstniecisk\u0101s \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas, bet tie tom\u0113r ir uzskait\u012bti, lai sniegtu ieskatu mazpaz\u012bstamu augu tautas l\u012bdzek\u013cos. \u0160is saraksts nav izsme\u013co\u0161s, un par iesp\u0113jamiem riskiem, lietojot \u0161os augus \u0101rstniec\u012bb\u0101, j\u0101konsult\u0113jas ar savu vesel\u012bbas apr\u016bpes speci\u0101listu.\n<\/p>\n
\u0160is dienvidaustrumu piekrastes apgabalos augo\u0161ais kr\u016bms var izaugt l\u012bdz 12 p\u0113du augstumam, un ruden\u012b tam ir bl\u012bvi baltu ziedu \u0137ekari. T\u0101 lapotne ir da\u017e\u0101da - no glud\u0101m, ov\u0101l\u0101m lap\u0101m l\u012bdz liel\u0101k\u0101m zobain\u0101m lap\u0101m. Tas panes s\u0101ls\u016bdens smidzin\u0101\u0161anu, t\u0101p\u0113c to bie\u017ei iesaka k\u0101 pagalma augu piekrastes rajonu iedz\u012bvot\u0101jiem, kuri v\u0113las ieg\u016bt viet\u0113jos kr\u016bmus.\n<\/p>\n
Luizi\u0101n\u0101 kreoli lietoja vair\u0101kas auga da\u013cas saaukst\u0113\u0161an\u0101s vai gripas \u0101rst\u0113\u0161anai. Visbie\u017e\u0101k lapas v\u0101r\u012bja, lai pagatavotu t\u0113ju, kas pal\u012bdz\u0113ja \u0101rst\u0113t drudzi, klepu, sastr\u0113gumus un drebu\u013cus. T\u0113jas gar\u0161a ir neticami r\u016bgta, t\u0101p\u0113c to bie\u017ei pasniedza ar medu, citronu vai viskiju. Tika teikts, ka tr\u012bs tas\u012btes manglijas t\u0113jas dien\u0101 atbr\u012bvos cilv\u0113ku no saaukst\u0113\u0161an\u0101s vai gripas simptomiem.\n<\/p>\n
\u010c\u016bskas astes (Herbe \u00e0 Malo) \n<\/h2>\n<\/figure>\n
J\u0113rc\u012btes astes nosaukums ang\u013cu valod\u0101 c\u0113lies no t\u0101s b\u0101lgani dzelten\u0101 zieda, kas auga vid\u016b izvirz\u0101s slaid\u0101 smaili\u0146\u0101. T\u0101s dzimtene ir ASV austrumu da\u013ca, t\u0101s are\u0101ls stiepjas no Floridas l\u012bdz Kan\u0101dai. To viegli atpaz\u012bt p\u0113c bultas formas lap\u0101m.\n<\/p>\n
J\u0113rcene aug mitr\u0101s viet\u0101s k\u0101 daudzgad\u012bgs augs, kas var paciest \u0113nu un bie\u017ei aug \u0137ekariem, jo vairojas ar dzinumu pal\u012bdz\u012bbu. Augs labi aug ar\u012b st\u0101vo\u0161\u0101 \u016bden\u012b, gan s\u0101\u013caj\u0101, gan saldaj\u0101, t\u0101p\u0113c to labpr\u0101t st\u0101da mitr\u0101s d\u0101rza viet\u0101s.\n<\/p>\n
Jau gadiem ilgi da\u017ei Amerikas pamatiedz\u012bvot\u0101ji, piem\u0113ram, \u010doktau cilts iedz\u012bvot\u0101ji, lieto \u0137irzakas asti k\u0101 nomierino\u0161u un pretiekaisuma l\u012bdzekli. \u017durn\u0101l\u0101 Nutrition 2014. gad\u0101 public\u0113taj\u0101 p\u0113t\u012bjum\u0101 konstat\u0113ts, ka \u0137irzakas astei piem\u012bt pretiekaisuma \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas. V\u0113sturiski kreoli izmantoja auga’saknes k\u0101 l\u012bdzekli pret reimatismu, k\u0101 ar\u012b k\u0101 aptieku iekaisu\u0161o kr\u016b\u0161u vai iegriezumu un skrambu \u0101rst\u0113\u0161anai. Vi\u0146i izmantoja ar\u012b kalt\u0113tas auga lapas k\u0101 l\u012bdzekli pret s\u0101p\u0113m kr\u016bt\u012bs un v\u0113der\u0101.\n<\/p>\n
M\u016bsdien\u0101s pl\u016b\u0161koka dziedniecisk\u0101s \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas ir pla\u0161i paz\u012bstamas, jo \u0161is augs ir p\u0101rpludin\u0101jis pla\u0161a pat\u0113ri\u0146a tirgu s\u012brupu veid\u0101, kas tiek gatavoti no og\u0101m un kas, k\u0101 tiek apgalvots, uzlabo im\u016bnsist\u0113mu. Parasti \u0161\u012bs ogas ieg\u016bst no Eirop\u0101 augo\u0161\u0101 meln\u0101 pl\u016b\u0161koka. Zieme\u013camerikas br\u0101l\u0113ns, parastais pl\u016b\u0161koks (saukts ar\u012b par Amerikas pl\u016b\u0161koku), ir tuvs radinieks ar tikpat daudz\u0101m \u0101rstniecisk\u0101m vajadz\u012bb\u0101m. Amerikas pl\u016b\u0161koks ir kr\u016bms, kas aug ASV austrumu un centr\u0101laj\u0101 da\u013c\u0101, nesen trauc\u0113t\u0101 vid\u0113, bie\u017ei sastopams laukos, strautu mal\u0101s un gar \u017eogu l\u012bnij\u0101m. Amerikas pl\u016b\u0161koks veido baltus ziedus, kas vasaras beig\u0101s vainagojas ar tum\u0161i violet\u0101m, gandr\u012bz meln\u0101m og\u0101m.\n<\/p>\n
Og\u0101s ir daudz vitam\u012bnu, tostarp A, B6 un C vitam\u012bns, k\u0101 ar\u012b kalcijs un dzelzs. T\u0101 k\u0101 og\u0101s ir daudz antioksidantu, t\u0101s ir ar\u012b lielisks im\u016bnsist\u0113mas stiprin\u0101t\u0101js. Kr\u0113\u013ci un da\u017ei Amerikas pamatiedz\u012bvot\u0101ji izmantoja da\u017e\u0101das auga da\u013cas, lai \u0101rst\u0113tu da\u017e\u0101das kaites. T\u0101s ziedus v\u0101r\u012bja t\u0113j\u0101, lai \u0101rst\u0113tu saaukst\u0113\u0161an\u0101s un gripas simptomus. Zari\u0146a vidu, ko sauc par “kodoli\u0146u ” izmantoja k\u0101 mazg\u0101\u0161anas l\u012bdzekli pret acu iekaisumiem. Ja k\u0101dam bija izsitumi vai s\u0101pes loc\u012btav\u0101s, lapas uzlika \u0101r\u012bgi uz skart\u0101s vietas. Un, protams, s\u012brups, kas pagatavots no og\u0101m, ir efekt\u012bvs im\u016bnsist\u0113mas stiprin\u0101t\u0101js un visp\u0101r\u0113js vesel\u012bbas toniz\u0113jo\u0161s l\u012bdzeklis jebkur\u0101 gadalaik\u0101.\n<\/p>\n
Paturiet pr\u0101t\u0101, ka pl\u016b\u0161koka lapas, s\u0113klas, stubl\u0101ji un saknes ir ind\u012bgas, jo t\u0101s satur cian\u012bdu izraiso\u0161o glikoz\u012bdu. Ja ogas pagatavo, piem\u0113ram, v\u0101ra \u016bden\u012b, t\u0101s var dro\u0161i lietot uztur\u0101.\n<\/p>\n
R\u016bgt\u0101s melones dzimtene, visticam\u0101k, ir \u0100frikas un \u0100zijas subtropu re\u0123ioni, un m\u016bsdien\u0101s t\u0101 ir sastopama Kar\u012bbu j\u016bras re\u0123ion\u0101, Dienvidamerik\u0101, Luizi\u0101n\u0101 un citos tropu klimata re\u0123ionos. V\u012bnogul\u0101jiem ir lielas, \u0161\u0137aut\u0146ainas lapas, un tie var izaugt l\u012bdz pat 16 p\u0113du gari. Aug\u013ci atg\u0101dina gur\u0137us, bet tie ir k\u0101rpaini un, k\u0101 liecina auga nosaukums, \u013coti r\u016bgti. R\u016bgt\u0101 melone vislab\u0101k aug karst\u0101 un mitr\u0101 vid\u0113; d\u0101rzniekiem zieme\u013cu klimatiskajos apst\u0101k\u013cos, audz\u0113jot \u0161o augu, j\u0101apsver siltumn\u012bcas izmanto\u0161ana.\n<\/p>\n
V\u0113sturiski un ar\u012b m\u016bsdien\u0101s tropiskajos pasaules re\u0123ionos audz\u0113to r\u016bgto meloni izmanto k\u0101 l\u012bdzekli ku\u0146\u0123a un mal\u0101rijas \u0101rst\u0113\u0161anai. Luizi\u0101nas kreoli m\u0113dza m\u0113rc\u0113t r\u016bgto meloni viskij\u0101, lai \u0101rst\u0113tu ku\u0146\u0123a s\u0101pes. \u0160\u012bs r\u016bgt\u0101s melones satur lielu daudzumu k\u0101lija, beta karot\u012bna un kalcija, k\u0101 ar\u012b daudz vitam\u012bnu. Saska\u0146\u0101 ar Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center datiem ir pier\u0101d\u012bts, ka r\u016bgt\u0101s melones ekstrakti laboratorijas apst\u0101k\u013cos izn\u012bcina leik\u0113mijas \u0161\u016bnas pel\u0113m. Kl\u012bniskajos p\u0113t\u012bjumos ir samazin\u0101ts ar\u012b glikozes l\u012bmenis asin\u012bs.\n<\/p>\n
Luizi\u0101nas gumbo k\u0101dreiz nekad neiztika bez smar\u017e\u012bg\u0101m sarkan\u0101m lauru lap\u0101m, lai gan m\u016bsdien\u0101s liel\u0101k\u0101 da\u013ca pav\u0101ru izmanto tirdzniec\u012bb\u0101 pieejam\u0101s lauru koka lapas. Sarkan\u0101 lauru koka augstums var sasniegt pat 70 p\u0113das, un tas aug liel\u0101kaj\u0101 da\u013c\u0101 ASV dienvidaustrumu da\u013cas augsnes tipu. T\u0101 lapas ir l\u012bdz\u012bgas lauru lap\u0101m, ko var atrast p\u0101rtikas veikal\u0101. Vasaras s\u0101kum\u0101 tam ir dzelten\u012bgi ziedi, no kuriem aug zili, apa\u013ci aug\u013ci. Kreoli un da\u017ei indi\u0101\u0146i izmantoja lapas ne tikai kulin\u0101rij\u0101; koka zari\u0146us un lapas v\u0101r\u012bja, lai \u0101rst\u0113tu saaukst\u0113\u0161anos, bet mizu izmantoja aknu slim\u012bbu \u0101rst\u0113\u0161anai. \u017durn\u0101l\u0101 Nutrition 2014. gad\u0101 public\u0113taj\u0101 p\u0113t\u012bjum\u0101 pier\u0101d\u012bts, ka sarkanajam lauru kokam piem\u012bt pretiekaisuma \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas.\n<\/p>\n
\u0160o \u0101rstniec\u012bbas augu nov\u0113rt\u0113\u0161ana un izp\u0113te turpin\u0101s ar\u012b m\u016bsdien\u0101s, saglab\u0101jot to tradicion\u0101lo pielietojumu, kas ir bijis d\u0101rgs paaud\u017eu paaudz\u0113m.\n<\/p>\n
Kreolu tauta un kult\u016bra \n<\/h2>\n
Termins \"kreols“kreols”\" ir bijis da\u017e\u0101du izcelsmju cilv\u0113ku identit\u0101tes apz\u012bm\u0113t\u0101js, un tam ir sare\u017e\u0123\u012bta v\u0113sture, kas aptver gadsimtiem, kult\u016br\u0101m un viet\u0101m rakstur\u012bgu v\u0113sturi. \u0160aj\u0101 rakst\u0101 \u012bpa\u0161a uzman\u012bba piev\u0113rsta kreolu kult\u016brai un praksei Luizi\u0101n\u0101.\n<\/p>\n
Saska\u0146\u0101 ar Afroamerik\u0101\u0146u re\u0123istra datiem “par kreoliem parasti d\u0113v\u0113 cilv\u0113kus ar jaukt\u0101m fran\u010du, afrik\u0101\u0146u, sp\u0101\u0146u un indi\u0101\u0146u sen\u010diem, no kuriem daudzi dz\u012bvo Luizi\u0101n\u0101 vai kuriem ir radnieciskas saites ar to. P\u0113t\u012bjumi liecina, ka \u0161o kult\u016bru ir veidoju\u0161as ar\u012b daudzas citas etnisk\u0101s grupas, tostarp, bet ne tikai, \u0137\u012bnie\u0161i, krievi, v\u0101cie\u0161i un it\u0101\u013ci.” T\u0101p\u0113c augu trad\u012bcijas, ko praktiz\u0113 un no paaudzes paaudz\u0113 nodod kreoli, da\u017e\u0101d\u0101 m\u0113r\u0101 ir daudzu kult\u016bru sajaukums, galvenok\u0101rt viet\u0113jo pamatiedz\u012bvot\u0101ju, br\u012bvo un paverdzin\u0101to afrik\u0101\u0146u un Eiropas kolonistu kult\u016bras.\n<\/p>\n
Vair\u0101k par kreolu kult\u016bru un v\u0113sturi var uzzin\u0101t, izmantojot resursus, tostarp (bet ne tikai) \u0100frikas amerik\u0101\u0146u re\u0123istru un Zieme\u013crietumu \u0161tata universit\u0101tes Kreolu mantojuma centru.\n<\/p>\n
D\u017eonatans Olivj\u0113 ir neatkar\u012bgs \u017eurn\u0101lists, kur\u0161 galvenok\u0101rt raksta par vidi un cilv\u0113ku mijiedarb\u012bbu ar dabu. Vi\u0146a darbi ir public\u0113ti izdevumos Outside, Backpacker, Mother Earth News un citos valsts m\u0113roga izdevumos.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Augot dienvidu Luizi\u0101n\u0101, nebija nekas neparasts dzird\u0113t, ka vec\u0101ki pieaugu\u0161ie man\u0101 \u0123imen\u0113 run\u0101 fran\u010du valod\u0101. Mana mamma no m\u0101jas aizmugur\u0113j\u0101m durv\u012bm sauca: “Viens manger,” mudinot mani un divus vec\u0101kos br\u0101\u013cus ien\u0101kt iek\u0161\u0101, lai \u0113stu vakari\u0146as. Mani vecvec\u0101ki, kuri visi uzaugu\u0161i ar fran\u010du valodu k\u0101 pirmo valodu, joproj\u0101m to lieto, lai sazin\u0101tos ar jaun\u0101ko paaudzi, tostarp […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":80742,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[119],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-80727","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-herbs"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/80727","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=80727"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/80727\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/80742"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=80727"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=80727"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=80727"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
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