Uzziniet vair\u0101k par pl\u016b\u0161koka kr\u016bmu, kas atgrie\u017eas, un izp\u0113tiet pl\u016b\u0161koka izmanto\u0161anu kulin\u0101rij\u0101, d\u0101rz\u0101 un medic\u012bn\u0101.\n<\/p>\n
Spiediet \u0161eit, lai las\u012btu 1. da\u013cu: Ko dar\u012bt ar \u0113rk\u0161\u0137og\u0101m.\n<\/p>\n
Reti kur\u0161 nov\u0101rt\u0101 pamests kr\u016bms ir tik strauji iemantojis sabiedr\u012bbas atzin\u012bbu k\u0101 pietic\u012bgais Amerikas pl\u016b\u0161koks (Sambucus canadensis jeb S. nigra subsp. canadensis). V\u0113l pavisam nesen tas tika noraid\u012bts k\u0101 ce\u013cmal\u0101s un pagalmos sastopams nez\u0101\u013cu augs. Ta\u010du \u0161\u012b uztvere ir krasi main\u012bjusies. Jaun\u0101 interese par pl\u016b\u0161koku ir liel\u0101 m\u0113r\u0101 saist\u012bta ar introduc\u0113taj\u0101m sug\u0101m, kas dod liel\u0101kus aug\u013cus vai satrieco\u0161as dekorat\u012bvas lapas vai ziedus uz uzlabot\u0101m form\u0101m, kas ir piem\u0113rotas d\u0101rziem, piem\u0113ram, “\u0113damai ainavai ”\n<\/p>\n
T\u0101s vesel\u012bbai labv\u0113l\u012bg\u0101s \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas ir neap\u0161aub\u0101ms d\u0101rzkopju un pav\u0101ru simp\u0101tiju ieguvums. Starptautisk\u0101 Gar\u0161augu asoci\u0101cija to ir atzinusi par 2013. gada gar\u0161augu, jo tas ir noder\u012bgs augs ar ilgu v\u0113sturi, un tas ir ieguvis 2013. gada Gada gar\u0161auga titulu.\n<\/p>\n
Amerikas pl\u016b\u0161koks veido biezok\u0146us no Jaunskotijas uz dienvidiem l\u012bdz Floridai un uz rietumiem l\u012bdz Manitobai un Teksasai. Augi aug l\u012bdz 15 p\u0113du augsti mitr\u0101 vai saus\u0101 augsn\u0113, un to zari izaug ar dzi\u013ci sagriezt\u0101m, za\u013c\u0101m, zobain\u0101m lap\u0101m, kas ruden\u012b nokr\u012bt. J\u016bnija vid\u016b vai j\u016bnija beig\u0101s uz \u013coti zari\u0146veid\u012bgajiem kr\u016bma zariem liel\u0101s \u0137ekar\u0101s izaug s\u012bki kr\u0113mkr\u0101sas, muskusa arom\u0101ta ziedi\u0146i, kas piesaista tauri\u0146us. Vasaras beig\u0101s uz purpursarkaniem stubl\u0101jiem nogatavojas tum\u0161i violetas ogas, kuras, ja t\u0101s nenov\u0101c, putni \u0101tri ap\u0113d.\n<\/p>\n
Saknes, za\u013cie stubl\u0101ji, lapas un nenogatavoju\u0161ies aug\u013ci satur sp\u0113c\u012bgus alkalo\u012bdus un cian\u012bdiem l\u012bdz\u012bgus glikoz\u012bdus, kas norijot var b\u016bt toksiski; S. racemosa sarkan\u0101s ogas ir ind\u012bgas, un t\u0101s nedr\u012bkst \u0113st.\n<\/p>\n
Meln\u0101 pl\u016b\u0161koka (S. nigra), Eiropas sugas, dzimtene ir Eiropa, \u0100frika un da\u013ca \u0100zijas. Tas aug vair\u0101k k\u0101 neliels koks l\u012bdz 30 p\u0113d\u0101m; t\u0101 ziedi un aug\u013ci ir l\u012bdz\u012bgi Amerikas pl\u016b\u0161koka ziediem un aug\u013ciem. Tom\u0113r gan nenogatavoju\u0161ies, gan nogatavoju\u0161ies aug\u013ci ir nedro\u0161i, un tos nedr\u012bkst \u0113st svaigus. V\u0101r\u012bti abu veidu aug\u013ci un ziedi ir dro\u0161i p\u0101rtik\u0101.\n<\/p>\n
M\u0101jas ainav\u0101 pl\u016b\u0161koks \u013coti labi piel\u0101gojas augsnei un vietai, labi aug gandr\u012bz jebkur\u0101 augsn\u0113, saul\u0113 vai da\u013c\u0113j\u0101 \u0113n\u0101. Lai st\u0101d\u012btu, iepriek\u0161 iem\u0113rciet saknes un, kam\u0113r t\u0101s m\u0113rc\u0113jas, izrokiet pietiekami dzi\u013cu bedri. Laistiet bedri, \u013caujot \u016bdenim notec\u0113t, p\u0113c tam izkl\u0101jiet saknes ar piestiprin\u0101tiem stubl\u0101jiem (apgrieztiem 8 l\u012bdz 12 cm) uz nelielas augsnes kaudzes, piepildiet bedri ar augsni, viegli sabl\u012bv\u0113jiet, tad aplejiet.\n<\/p>\n
P\u0113c tam ap stubl\u0101jiem k\u0101rtojiet biezu mul\u010das k\u0101rtu ap stubl\u0101jiem, uzmanot, lai tie nesaskartos: vispirms pap\u012bra vai kartona k\u0101rtu, p\u0113c tam salmu vai sapuvu\u0161u z\u0101\u0123u skaidu virsk\u0101rtu. Lai uztur\u0113tu augl\u012bbu, katru pavasari pie kr\u016bma pilienu l\u012bnijas (tur, kur stiepjas zari) pievienojiet kr\u016bmam kr\u016bmiem kr\u016bmi\u0146u puvu komposta vai k\u016btsm\u0113slu un savu iecien\u012bt\u0101ko 10-10-10 miner\u0101lm\u0113slu.\n<\/p>\n
Stubl\u0101ji (saukti ar\u012b par k\u0101ti\u0146iem) ir \u012bslaic\u012bgi, bet atjaunojas, izlai\u017eot jaunus dzinumus. Ziemas beig\u0101s vai agr\u0101 pavasar\u012b izgrieziet vecos un nokaltu\u0161os stubl\u0101jus. Visaugl\u012bg\u0101kie aug\u013ci dzimst uz 1-3 gadus veciem stubl\u0101jiem; katram augam pietiek ar 6-8 stubl\u0101jiem. Apgrie\u0161ana ne tikai \u013caus kr\u016bma centr\u0101 iek\u013c\u016bt saulei, bet ar\u012b pal\u012bdz\u0113s kr\u016bmam ieg\u016bt pievilc\u012bgu, v\u0101zei l\u012bdz\u012bgu formu. P\u0101raugu\u0161u vai maz ra\u017e\u012bgu augu var atjaunot, nogrie\u017eot to l\u012bdz zemei, lai stimul\u0113tu jaunu dzinumu veido\u0161anos. Pl\u016b\u0161koks ir da\u013c\u0113ji pa\u0161augl\u012bgs, bet ir lietder\u012bgi, ja blakus ir v\u0113l viena \u0161\u0137irne, lai gan m\u0113s neesam konstat\u0113ju\u0161i, ka tas b\u016btu nepiecie\u0161ams.\n<\/p>\n
Pl\u016bsto\u0161s pl\u016b\u0161koka dz\u012bv\u017eogs ir nep\u0101rsp\u0113jams zied\u0113\u0161anas laik\u0101 un ir v\u0113rt\u012bba visu sezonu, k\u0101 tas bija m\u016bsu Keipbretonas saimniec\u012bb\u0101. M\u016bsu jaunajos d\u0101rzos tie aug k\u0101 spilgti akcenti, atsevi\u0161\u0137i eksempl\u0101ri ainav\u0101 vai jaukt\u0101 kr\u016bmu apdob\u0113. Viens no liel\u0101kajiem ieguvumiem, st\u0101dot pl\u016b\u0161koka ogas tuvu aizmugur\u0113j\u0101m (vai priek\u0161\u0113j\u0101m) durv\u012bm, ir iesp\u0113ja v\u0113rot, k\u0101 uz milzu ziedu \u0137ekariem uzlido lakst\u012bgalas tauri\u0146i.\n<\/p>\n
Amerikas pl\u016b\u0161koks un Eiropas pl\u016b\u0161koks (S. nigra) ir iztur\u012bgi l\u012bdz 4. joslai. Praktiski visas \u0161\u0137irnes ir izaudz\u0113tas no \u0161iem diviem veidiem. Turpm\u0101k sniegts da\u013c\u0113js saraksts.\n<\/p>\n
Praktiski katra auga da\u013ca ir izmantota, lai kaut ko ra\u017eotu, s\u0101kot no kr\u0101sviel\u0101m un b\u0113rnu rota\u013cliet\u0101m l\u012bdz panacejai da\u017e\u0101du iek\u0161\u0113jo un \u0101r\u0113jo slim\u012bbu \u0101rst\u0113\u0161anai. Vec\u0101s pasaules tautas medic\u012bn\u0101 t\u0101s ogas un ziedus izmantoja prepar\u0101tos br\u016b\u010du un \u0101das slim\u012bbu \u0101rst\u0113\u0161anai (tan\u012bna \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas), k\u0101 ar\u012b k\u0101 l\u012bdzekli pret saaukst\u0113\u0161anos, klepu un drudzi. Da\u017eas Amerikas pamatiedz\u012bvot\u0101ju ciltis Jaunaj\u0101 pasaul\u0113 pl\u016b\u0161koka ogas lietoja l\u012bdz\u012bg\u0101 veid\u0101, k\u0101 ar\u012b reimatisma \u0101rst\u0113\u0161anai.\n<\/p>\n
Eirop\u0101 ir labi att\u012bst\u012bta komerci\u0101la meln\u0101 pl\u016b\u0161koka audz\u0113\u0161ana un p\u0101rstr\u0101de, lai apg\u0101d\u0101tu bezrecep\u0161u augu piedevas, ekstraktus, s\u012brupus, pastilas, k\u0101 ar\u012b p\u0101rtikas produktus, piem\u0113ram, p\u012br\u0101gus, \u017eelejas, iev\u0101r\u012bjumus un dz\u0113rienus. Zieme\u013camerik\u0101 ir palielin\u0101jusies uz pl\u016b\u0161koka melnalk\u0161\u0146iem balst\u012btu bezrecep\u0161u \u0101rstniec\u012bbas l\u012bdzek\u013cu pieejam\u012bba. Pl\u016b\u0161koka pl\u016b\u0161koka aug\u013ci ir augstu antioksidantu sarakst\u0101. Zin\u0101tniskie pier\u0101d\u012bjumi par to labv\u0113l\u012bgo ietekmi ir tikai pie\u0146\u0113mumi, bet tie nav p\u0101rliecino\u0161i.\n<\/p>\n
Turkl\u0101t \u0161aj\u0101s og\u0101s ir vair\u0101k A vitam\u012bna un C vitam\u012bna nek\u0101 liel\u0101kaj\u0101 da\u013c\u0101 citu l\u012bdz\u012bgu s\u012bku aug\u013cu (bet ne upen\u0113s), t\u0101p\u0113c \u0161\u0137iet, ka ir laba ideja to vesel\u012bbai labv\u0113l\u012bg\u0101s \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas iek\u013caut gar\u0161\u012bgos \u0113dienos un iev\u0101r\u012bjumos.\n<\/p>\n
Merilendas Universit\u0101tes Medic\u012bnas centrs sniedz labu ievadu par da\u017e\u0101m pl\u016b\u0161koka og\u0101m, kas labv\u0113l\u012bgi ietekm\u0113 vesel\u012bbu. \u0160eit ir da\u013ca no vi\u0146u lapas:\n<\/p>\n
“Pl\u016b\u0161koka jeb pl\u016b\u0161koka ogas jau gadsimtiem ilgi lieto br\u016b\u010du \u0101rst\u0113\u0161anai, uzkl\u0101jot uz \u0101das. To lieto ar\u012b iek\u0161\u0137\u012bgi elpce\u013cu slim\u012bbu, piem\u0113ram, saaukst\u0113\u0161an\u0101s un gripas, \u0101rst\u0113\u0161anai. Daudz\u0101s valst\u012bs, tostarp V\u0101cij\u0101, pl\u016b\u0161koka ziedus lieto saaukst\u0113\u0161an\u0101s un gripas \u0101rst\u0113\u0161anai. Da\u017ei pier\u0101d\u012bjumi liecina, ka pl\u016b\u0161koka ziedu un ogu sast\u0101v\u0101 eso\u0161\u0101s \u0137\u012bmisk\u0101s vielas var pal\u012bdz\u0113t samazin\u0101t g\u013cot\u0101du, piem\u0113ram, deguna blakusdobumu, t\u016bsku un mazin\u0101t deguna aizsprostojumu. Pl\u016b\u0161koka ziediem var b\u016bt pretiekaisuma, pretv\u012brusu un pretv\u0113\u017ea \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas.\n<\/p>\n
“Pl\u016b\u0161koka ogas satur ar\u012b flavono\u012bdus, kam piem\u012bt antioksidantu \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas un kas var pal\u012bdz\u0113t nov\u0113rst organisma \u0161\u016bnu boj\u0101jumus. Tom\u0113r ar cilv\u0113kiem ir veikts \u013coti maz p\u0113t\u012bjumu, t\u0101p\u0113c p\u0113tnieki nezina, cik efekt\u012bvs var b\u016bt pl\u016b\u0161koks.”\n<\/p>\n
No ziediem var gatavot pank\u016bkas, ar tiem var aizst\u0101t da\u013cu miltu pank\u016bk\u0101s (t\u0101s k\u013c\u016bst \u013coti vieglas), tos var kalt\u0113t t\u0113jai ar piparm\u0113tru (dzer pret kakla s\u0101p\u0113m vai saaukst\u0113\u0161an\u0101s gad\u012bjum\u0101) un izmantot \u0113rk\u0161\u0137ogu \u017eelejas aromatiz\u0113\u0161anai. No nogatavoju\u0161os aug\u013cu var pagatavot sulu, s\u012brupu, iev\u0101r\u012bjumus, \u017eelejas un p\u012br\u0101gus.\n<\/p>\n
T\u0101 k\u0101 ogas \u0161obr\u012bd nogatavojas, pied\u0101v\u0101jam vienk\u0101r\u0161u un vesel\u012bgu s\u012brupu, ko var izmantot k\u0101 sald\u0113juma vai sald\u0113ta jogurta papildin\u0101jumu, k\u0101 pamatu aukstam vasaras dz\u0113rienam vai saaukst\u0113\u0161an\u0101s simptomu mazin\u0101\u0161anai. Uzlej nedaudz uz ledus kubi\u0146iem, pievieno \u016bdeni p\u0113c gar\u0161as un pievieno citrona \u0161\u0137\u0113li un piparm\u0113tras zari\u0146u.\n<\/p>\n
Sast\u0101vda\u013cas:\n<\/p>\n
Virzieni:\n<\/p>\n
Lai uzzin\u0101tu vair\u0101k recep\u0161u, iepaz\u012bstieties ar jaun\u0101kajiem manas aug\u013cu gr\u0101matas \"Vecmod\u012bgs aug\u013cu d\u0101rzs\" un \"Vecmod\u012bgi iev\u0101r\u012bjumi, \u017eelejas un saldie konservi\" izdevumiem: Lab\u0101kais veids, k\u0101 audz\u0113t, konserv\u0113t un cept mazos aug\u013cus.\n<\/p>\n
D\u017eoanna Anna Gardnere ir slavena gar\u0161augu d\u0101rzniece un gr\u0101matu autore. Vi\u0146a kop\u0101 ar v\u012bru dz\u012bvo 100 akru liel\u0101 vientu\u013c\u0101 pussal\u0101, kas atrodas smagi bedraina zemes ce\u013ca gal\u0101, Cape Breton zemes nomal\u0113, Jaunskotijas zieme\u013caustrumu gal\u0101. Lasiet D\u017eo Annas gr\u0101matas, sazinieties ar vi\u0146u Facebook.\n<\/p>\n
Visi M\u0101tes Zemes zi\u0146u kopienas blogeri ir piekritu\u0161i iev\u0113rot m\u016bsu Blogo\u0161anas paraugpraksi, un vi\u0146i ir atbild\u012bgi par savu ierakstu precizit\u0101ti. Lai uzzin\u0101tu vair\u0101k par \u0161\u012b ieraksta autoru, noklik\u0161\u0137iniet uz saiti ar autorties\u012bb\u0101m lapas aug\u0161pus\u0113.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Uzziniet vair\u0101k par pl\u016b\u0161koka kr\u016bmu, kas atgrie\u017eas, un izp\u0113tiet pl\u016b\u0161koka izmanto\u0161anu kulin\u0101rij\u0101, d\u0101rz\u0101 un medic\u012bn\u0101. Spiediet \u0161eit, lai las\u012btu 1. da\u013cu: Ko dar\u012bt ar \u0113rk\u0161\u0137og\u0101m. Reti kur\u0161 nov\u0101rt\u0101 pamests kr\u016bms ir tik strauji iemantojis sabiedr\u012bbas atzin\u012bbu k\u0101 pietic\u012bgais Amerikas pl\u016b\u0161koks (Sambucus canadensis jeb S. nigra subsp. canadensis). V\u0113l pavisam nesen tas tika noraid\u012bts k\u0101 ce\u013cmal\u0101s […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":80118,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[119],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-80103","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-herbs"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/80103","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=80103"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/80103\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/80118"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=80103"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=80103"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=80103"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}