![](\"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/auto_content\/local_image\/5241213616462224.webp\")
<\/figure>\nP\u0159i kapil\u00e1rn\u00edm zavla\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed se b\u011b\u017en\u011b pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 samozavla\u017eovac\u00ed knot, jeho\u017e jeden konec je v z\u00e1sobn\u00edku vody vedle rostliny a druh\u00fd v p\u016fd\u011b, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee knot mus\u00ed vystoupit ze z\u00e1sobn\u00edku a ohnout se do p\u016fdy. Toho lze dos\u00e1hnout tak\u00e9 pomoc\u00ed knotu, kter\u00fd stoup\u00e1 z n\u00e1dr\u017eky pod rostlinou otvorem v kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010di.\n<\/p>\n
Na Kalifornsk\u00e9 univerzit\u011b v Riverside jsem studoval sazenice palmy (Parkinsonia florida) pomoc\u00ed kapil\u00e1rn\u00edho knotu z n\u00e1dr\u017ee pod rostlinou. Sazenice rostla v kbel\u00edku s \u010dist\u00fdm k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00fdm p\u00edskem o zrnitosti 16. Po jednom m\u011bs\u00edci rostlina st\u00e1le rostla a nevykazovala \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 zn\u00e1mky vodn\u00edho stresu p\u0159i spot\u0159eb\u011b vody men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 2 pol\u00e9vkov\u00e9 l\u017e\u00edce denn\u011b.\n<\/p>\n
Gravita\u010dn\u00ed knotov\u00e9 zavla\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed
\n<\/h2>\n
Gravita\u010dn\u00ed knoty funguj\u00ed podobn\u011b jako kapil\u00e1rn\u00ed knoty, ale proud\u00ed sm\u011brem dol\u016f. (Nap\u0159\u00edklad n\u00e1dr\u017eka um\u00edst\u011bn\u00e1 na zemi vedle rostliny, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e knot vyt\u00e9k\u00e1 ze dna n\u00e1dr\u017eky a st\u00e9k\u00e1 ke ko\u0159en\u016fm pod zem\u00ed.)\n<\/p>\n
V testu, kter\u00fd jsem provedl s nov\u00fdmi 7\n<\/p>\n
Poln\u00ed pokusy v Sonorsk\u00e9 pou\u0161ti prok\u00e1zaly hodnotu gravita\u010dn\u00edho knotov\u00e9ho zavla\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed v such\u00e9m podneb\u00ed pomoc\u00ed hadicov\u00e9 svorky v bl\u00edzkosti p\u011btilitrov\u00e9 n\u00e1dr\u017ee pro regulaci pr\u016ftoku vody. Po p\u0159\u00edvodu m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e 30 galon\u016f vody z\u016fstaly v\u0161echny testovan\u00e9 rostliny po t\u0159ech letech \u017eiv\u00e9 a zdrav\u00e9. Pro srovn\u00e1n\u00ed, spot\u0159eba vody za stejn\u00e9 obdob\u00ed mohla p\u0159es\u00e1hnout 360 galon\u016f.\n<\/p>\n
Nastaven\u00ed samozavla\u017eovac\u00edho knotu
\n<\/h2>\n
Chcete-li si vyrobit vlastn\u00ed knotov\u00fd zavla\u017eovac\u00ed syst\u00e9m pro rostliny v kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010d\u00edch nebo v zemi, nejprve si p\u0159ipravte z\u00e1kladn\u00ed materi\u00e1l: knot, pr\u016fhlednou plastovou trubku, do kter\u00e9 knot dob\u0159e zapadne, a z\u00e1sobn\u00edk na vodu. Pro gravita\u010dn\u00ed knoty budete pot\u0159ebovat tak\u00e9 hadicovou svorku a \u0161rouben\u00ed s bodcem pro p\u0159ipojen\u00ed plastov\u00e9 trubky k n\u00e1dr\u017ei. Pokud v m\u00edstn\u00edm \u017eelez\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed nese\u017eenete \u0161rouben\u00ed se z\u00e1vitem, m\u016f\u017eete si je objednat online. Budete tak\u00e9 pot\u0159ebovat vrta\u010dku, vrt\u00e1k s lopatkou o velikosti odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1vitov\u00e9mu \u0161rouben\u00ed a polyuretanov\u00e9 lepidlo.\n<\/p>\n D\u00e1v\u00e1m p\u0159ednost 7\n<\/p>\n Jako z\u00e1sobn\u00edk se dob\u0159e hod\u00ed recyklovan\u00e9 n\u00e1doby, nap\u0159\u00edklad star\u00e9 l\u00e1hve od limon\u00e1d a plastov\u00e9 d\u017eb\u00e1ny, nebo p\u011btilitrov\u00e9 kbel\u00edky. Polypropylenov\u00e9 n\u00e1doby vydr\u017e\u00ed roky, ale polyethylen m\u016f\u017ee vydr\u017eet jen jednu sez\u00f3nu. V oblastech se siln\u00fdm v\u011btrem bude mo\u017en\u00e1 nutn\u00e9 n\u00e1dr\u017ee p\u0159ikotvit nebo p\u0159iv\u00e1zat, aby je neodfouklo.\n<\/p>\n Kapil\u00e1rn\u00ed knotov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my se dob\u0159e osv\u011bd\u010duj\u00ed p\u0159i p\u00e9\u010di o pokojov\u00e9 rostliny. Tyto samozavla\u017eovac\u00ed knoty se snadno nastavuj\u00ed doma a jsou vhodn\u00e9 pro zavla\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed na dovolen\u00e9. Pot\u0159ebujete k tomu pouze knot, kousek plastov\u00e9 hadi\u010dky a n\u00e1dr\u017eku. Jednodu\u0161e prot\u00e1hn\u011bte knot trubi\u010dkou (co\u017e pom\u00e1h\u00e1 sni\u017eovat odpa\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed) a pak str\u010dte jeden konec do vody a jeden konec do kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010de. Konec knotu m\u016f\u017eete do n\u00e1doby zatla\u010dit pomoc\u00ed ty\u010dinky nebo \u0161roubov\u00e1ku.\n<\/p>\n Pro gravita\u010dn\u00ed knotov\u00fd syst\u00e9m vyvrtejte na boku n\u00e1dr\u017eky otvor v bl\u00edzkosti dna. (Pokud je plast tenk\u00fd, p\u0159elepte m\u00edsto p\u0159ed vrt\u00e1n\u00edm maskovac\u00ed p\u00e1skou.) Zabr\u00e1n\u00edte tak vzniku prasklin.) R\u00fd\u010dov\u00fd vrt\u00e1k s ostruhami zajist\u00ed \u010dist\u0161\u00ed \u0159ezy, kter\u00e9 l\u00e9pe t\u011bsn\u00ed. Pot\u00e9 naneste polyuretanov\u00e9 lepidlo na z\u00e1vity \u0161rouben\u00ed s bodcem a za\u0161roubujte je do otvoru. Mo\u017en\u00e1 budete pot\u0159ebovat kl\u00ed\u010d, abyste ji \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b ut\u00e1hli. Lepidlo pom\u016f\u017ee spoj zpevnit a ut\u011bsnit. Provl\u00e9kn\u011bte knot vinylovou trubi\u010dkou a p\u0159ipevn\u011bte trubi\u010dku ke konci tvarovky. P\u0159ipevn\u011bte hadicovou svorku k plastov\u00e9 trubi\u010dce, abyste mohli kontrolovat v\u00fdstup vody ve va\u0161em nov\u00e9m samozavla\u017eovac\u00edm knotu.\n<\/p>\n U rostlin p\u011bstovan\u00fdch v zemi um\u00edst\u011bte knot do v\u00fdsadbov\u00e9 j\u00e1my co nejhloub\u011bji. P\u0159idejte n\u011bkolik litr\u016f vody a nechte ji odt\u00e9ct. Pot\u00e9 p\u0159idejte sazenici s ko\u0159eny v bl\u00edzkosti knotu a j\u00e1mu zasypte zeminou. P\u016fdu stla\u010dte, aby nevznikaly vzduchov\u00e9 kapsy. Pokud chcete b\u00fdt p\u0159i nastavov\u00e1n\u00ed zavla\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed detailn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, m\u016f\u017eete pou\u017e\u00edt uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed s v\u00edce knoty pro rozvoj ko\u0159enov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, kter\u00e9 pom\u016f\u017ee zlep\u0161it v\u011btrnou odolnost rostliny’.\n<\/p>\n M\u016f\u017eete tak\u00e9 vyvinout z\u00e1chytn\u00fd syst\u00e9m pro zavla\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed pomoc\u00ed knot\u016f, kter\u00fd vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 de\u0161\u0165ovou vodu. Australsk\u00fd sada\u0159 Preslav Trenchev p\u0159i\u0161el na skv\u011bl\u00fd zp\u016fsob zavla\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed strom\u016f pomoc\u00ed de\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9 vody, samozavla\u017eovac\u00edch knot\u016f a plastov\u00fdch f\u00f3li\u00ed. Trenchev vymyslel kapesn\u00ed n\u00e1dr\u017e a z\u00e1chytn\u00fd syst\u00e9m tak, \u017ee vytvaroval p\u016fdu a kolem stromu upevnil plastovou f\u00f3lii (viz foto v\u00fd\u0161e). V n\u00e1dr\u017ei pak lze skladovat de\u0161\u0165ovou vodu a p\u0159iv\u00e1d\u011bt ji ke stromu pomoc\u00ed knot\u016f. Podobn\u00e9ho efektu dosahuje i komer\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdrobek Groasis Waterboxx.\n<\/p>\n Vyzkou\u0161ejte samozavla\u017eovac\u00ed knoty — mysl\u00edm, \u017ee se v\u00e1m v\u00fdsledky budou l\u00edbit. Knotov\u00e9 zavla\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt cenn\u00fdm n\u00e1strojem pro zahr\u00e1dk\u00e1\u0159e, sada\u0159e a zem\u011bd\u011blce. Syst\u00e9my jsou robustn\u00ed a levn\u00e9 a nab\u00edzej\u00ed dlouh\u00fd interval dopl\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed vody. Krom\u011b vyu\u017eit\u00ed v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 zahrad\u011b nebo na poli m\u016f\u017ee knotov\u00e1 z\u00e1vlaha hr\u00e1t roli tak\u00e9 p\u0159i v\u00fdsadb\u011b strom\u016f pro zachycov\u00e1n\u00ed uhl\u00edku a p\u0159i p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed zeleniny s men\u0161\u00edm mno\u017estv\u00edm vody v nejn\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch. A t\u00edm mo\u017enosti nekon\u010d\u00ed: M\u016f\u017eeme vyv\u00edjet lep\u0161\u00ed knoty pro r\u016fzn\u00e1 pou\u017eit\u00ed a pochopit nejlep\u0161\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed kapil\u00e1rn\u00edch a gravita\u010dn\u00edch knot\u016f. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee i nad\u00e1le hled\u00e1me zp\u016fsoby, jak zajistit lep\u0161\u00ed budoucnost pro na\u0161e zahrady a na\u0161i planetu, je tato technika slibn\u00e1.\n<\/p>\n Kdo by nem\u011bl r\u00e1d z\u00e1v\u011bsn\u00fd ko\u0161 s kv\u011btinami? Udr\u017eet je zdrav\u00e9 v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9, proto\u017ee jsou vystaveny slunci a v\u011btru a kv\u016fli zav\u011b\u0161en\u00ed se mohou \u0161patn\u011b zal\u00e9vat. P\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed knot\u016f do z\u00e1v\u011bsn\u00e9ho ko\u0161e v\u00e1m usnadn\u00ed \u00fadr\u017ebu va\u0161ich kv\u011btinov\u00fdch ozdob. Za\u010dn\u011bte t\u00edm, \u017ee si po\u0159\u00edd\u00edte knotov\u00fd materi\u00e1l a z\u00e1v\u011bsn\u00fd ko\u0161 s integrovanou n\u00e1dr\u017ekou. Ko\u0161\u00edk m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt dod\u00e1v\u00e1n s knotem ji\u017e na m\u00edst\u011b, ale pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b budete muset p\u0159idat dal\u0161\u00ed knoty. Do horn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti z\u00e1sobn\u00edku na vodu vyvrtejte \u010dty\u0159i otvory a vlo\u017ete do nich dva knoty, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e do ka\u017ed\u00e9ho otvoru prostr\u010dte jeden konec tak, aby knoty tvo\u0159ily tvar “U” s konci vyta\u017een\u00fdmi do p\u011bstebn\u00edho m\u00e9dia a spodn\u00ed stranou um\u00edst\u011bnou v z\u00e1sobn\u00edku na vodu. Napl\u0148te z\u00e1sobn\u00edk vodou a pak nechte knoty pracovat.\n<\/p>\n Zavla\u017eovac\u00ed tkanina m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdm zavla\u017eovac\u00edm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm pro sazenice a za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed rostliny. Budete pot\u0159ebovat kapil\u00e1rn\u00ed roho\u017e nebo tkaninu. Polo\u017ete ji naplocho pod kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010de a konce roho\u017ee vlo\u017ete do z\u00e1sobn\u00edku na vodu. Voda bude stoupat po roho\u017ei a pohybovat se pod kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010di, \u010d\u00edm\u017e udr\u017e\u00ed p\u016fdu vlhkou.\n<\/p>\n Kapil\u00e1rn\u00ed roho\u017ee se \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v komer\u010dn\u00edch sklen\u00edc\u00edch, proto\u017ee jsou t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 spolehliv\u00e9 a rovnom\u011brn\u011b a efektivn\u011b rozv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed vodu. Obecn\u011b plat\u00ed, \u017ee jakmile je roho\u017e jednou zalo\u017eena, nem\u011bla by se kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010d b\u011bhem produkce p\u0159emis\u0165ovat, proto\u017ee by mohlo b\u00fdt obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 roho\u017e znovu spojit s p\u016fdn\u00ed sm\u011bs\u00ed v n\u00e1dob\u011b. Sklen\u00edky pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed automatickou regulaci, aby udr\u017eovaly roho\u017ee trvale vlhk\u00e9, ale pokud m\u00e1te dobrou n\u00e1dr\u017e a d\u00e1v\u00e1te pozor, kdy je t\u0159eba ji doplnit, m\u011blo by toto nastaven\u00ed dob\u0159e fungovat i doma.\n<\/p>\n Kapil\u00e1rn\u00ed roho\u017e si m\u016f\u017eete vyrobit sami z polyesterov\u00e9 deky nebo si ji m\u016f\u017eete zakoupit v zahradnictv\u00edch \u010di na internetu. K dispozici je mnoho typ\u016f kapil\u00e1rn\u00edch roho\u017e\u00ed. N\u011bkter\u00e9 se dod\u00e1vaj\u00ed v sad\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 obsahuj\u00ed v\u0161e, co budete pro za\u010d\u00e1tek pot\u0159ebovat, nap\u0159\u00edklad n\u00e1dr\u017e, podlo\u017eku, kel\u00edmky na sazenice a nastaviteln\u00e9 kryty ventila\u010dn\u00edch otvor\u016f. Stejn\u011b jako knoty je t\u0159eba kapil\u00e1rn\u00ed roho\u017e p\u0159ed vlo\u017een\u00edm pod kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010de vyzkou\u0161et, abyste se ujistili, \u017ee dob\u0159e sm\u00e1\u010d\u00ed. Jakmile zjist\u00edte, jak dob\u0159e kapil\u00e1rn\u00ed roho\u017ee funguj\u00ed, budete je pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b cht\u00edt pou\u017e\u00edvat opakovan\u011b.\n<\/p>\n David Bainbridge zah\u00e1jil v\u00fdzkum a konzultace v oblasti obnovy pou\u0161t\u00ed a such\u00fdch oblast\u00ed v roce 1981. Je autorem knih A Guide for Desert and Dryland Restoration (Pr\u016fvodce obnovou pou\u0161t\u00ed a such\u00fdch oblast\u00ed) a Gardening with Less Water (Zahradni\u010den\u00ed s men\u0161\u00edm mno\u017estv\u00edm vody) a v\u00edce ne\u017e 300 \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f a zpr\u00e1v.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Pro udr\u017een\u00ed hydratace rostlin pou\u017e\u00edvejte knotovou z\u00e1livku. Knotov\u00e9 zavla\u017eovac\u00ed syst\u00e9my se snadno sestavuj\u00ed a spot\u0159ebuj\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b vody ne\u017e jin\u00e9 metody. Knotov\u00e9 zavla\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed je m\u00e9n\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00e1 metoda \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9ho zavla\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed. Poprv\u00e9 jsem se s t\u00edmto konceptem sezn\u00e1mil, kdy\u017e jsem p\u0159ed mnoha lety \u010detl \u010dl\u00e1nek z Indie, ve kter\u00e9m se knoty pou\u017e\u00edvaly ve spojen\u00ed se zavla\u017eov\u00e1n\u00edm v zakopan\u00fdch […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":81626,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[118],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-81622","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-gardening-techniques"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/81622","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=81622"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/81622\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/81626"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=81622"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=81622"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=81622"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}![](\"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/auto_content\/local_image\/3040659998197303.webp\")
<\/figure>\n![](\"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/auto_content\/local_image\/9246698779965323.webp\")
<\/figure>\n![](\"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/auto_content\/local_image\/2645358925692342.webp\")
<\/figure>\nBudoucnost je v knotech
\n<\/h2>\nDal\u0161\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed zavla\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed knot\u016f
\n<\/h2>\nKapil\u00e1rn\u00ed knotov\u00e1 z\u00e1livka pro rostliny v n\u00e1dob\u00e1ch
\n<\/h3>\nKapil\u00e1rn\u00ed podlo\u017eky pro zakl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed semen
\n<\/h3>\n