Plevel je nevyhnuteln\u00fdm trnem v oku ka\u017ed\u00e9ho zahradn\u00edka. Zat\u00edmco n\u011bkter\u00e9 plevele p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed u\u017eitek, nap\u0159\u00edklad jedl\u00e1 zele\u0148 mlad\u00fdch pampeli\u0161ek a v\u00fd\u017eivn\u00e9 ko\u0159eny lopuchu, mnoh\u00e9 se rychle stanou frustruj\u00edc\u00edm a neust\u00e1l\u00fdm bojem, pokud je v\u010das neodhal\u00edte. Zahradn\u00ed plevele mohou potravin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdm plodin\u00e1m ukr\u00e1st vodu, slune\u010dn\u00ed sv\u011btlo a p\u016fdn\u00ed \u017eiviny a n\u011bkter\u00e9 dokonce uvol\u0148uj\u00ed do p\u016fdy toxick\u00e9 chemick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 brzd\u00ed r\u016fst jin\u00fdch rostlin.\n<\/p>\n
Ve snaze zjistit, kter\u00e9 plevele na zahrad\u00e1ch ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech a Kanad\u011b p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9m, provedl \u010dasopis MOTHER EARTH NEWS pr\u016fzkum mezi v\u00edce ne\u017e 2 000 zahr\u00e1dk\u00e1\u0159i. Po\u017e\u00e1dali jsme respondenty, aby ohodnotili, kter\u00e9 plevele jsou na jejich zahrad\u00e1ch nejhor\u0161\u00ed, a aby n\u00e1m sd\u011blili, jak\u00e9 jsou jejich nejlep\u0161\u00ed metody ekologick\u00e9 regulace plevel\u016f. Hodnotili tak\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinnost konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch typ\u016f mul\u010de, organick\u00fdch herbicid\u016f a n\u00e1stroj\u016f pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch k boji s plevelem na zahrad\u011b.\n<\/p>\n
Dva tis\u00edce zahr\u00e1dk\u00e1\u0159\u016f se nem\u016f\u017ee m\u00fdlit — k nejlep\u0161\u00edm n\u00e1stroj\u016fm pro boj s plevelem pat\u0159\u00ed n\u011bkolik typ\u016f moty\u010dek (viz T\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 zahradn\u00ed moty\u010dky), dobr\u00e9 zahradn\u00ed vidle, zahradn\u00ed n\u016f\u017e, vytahova\u010d pampeli\u0161ek (n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed m\u00edsto n\u011bj pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed star\u00fd \u0161roubov\u00e1k nebo \u0159eznick\u00fd n\u016f\u017e) a kvalitn\u00ed rukavice.\n<\/p>\n
Mezi deseti nejhor\u0161\u00edmi plevely na dom\u00e1c\u00edch zahrad\u00e1ch se um\u00edstily tr\u00e1vy se \u010dty\u0159mi z\u00e1stupci: krabilic\u00ed, bermudou, kv\u00e1drovit\u00fdm tr\u00e1vn\u00edkem a tr\u00e1vou Johnson. Na \u010destn\u00fdch m\u00edstech se um\u00edstily do\u0161ky, jitrocel kopinat\u00fd, k\u0159\u00eddlatka a l\u00fdkovec jedovat\u00fd. Ru\u010dn\u00ed plet\u00ed a siln\u00e9 mul\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed organickou hmotou byly zdaleka nejchv\u00e1len\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi opat\u0159en\u00edmi proti plevel\u016fm a nic se nevyrovn\u00e1 \u010dast\u00e9mu sledov\u00e1n\u00ed a v\u010dasn\u00e9mu z\u00e1sahu v ochran\u011b p\u0159ed v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdm zamo\u0159en\u00edm.\n<\/p>\n
Ilustrace ve v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9 obrazov\u00e9 galerii v\u00e1m pomohou s v\u010dasnou identifikac\u00ed 10 nejhor\u0161\u00edch plevel\u016f. Nav\u00edc si m\u016f\u017eete st\u00e1hnout bezplatn\u00fd plak\u00e1t, kter\u00fd v\u00e1m pom\u016f\u017ee identifikovat 22 nejhor\u0161\u00edch plevel\u016f (v\u010detn\u011b 12 plevel\u016f, o kter\u00fdch zde nen\u00ed \u0159e\u010d).\n<\/p>\n
V na\u0161em rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9m pr\u016fzkumu Nejhor\u0161\u00ed plevel na zahrad\u011b zahr\u00e1dk\u00e1\u0159i hodnotili n\u011bkolik typ\u016f mul\u010de a organick\u00fdch herbicid\u016f podle jejich \u00fa\u010dinnosti p\u0159i huben\u00ed plevele. Z t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed jednotliv\u00e9 typy vyzkou\u0161eli, uv\u00e1d\u00edme po\u0159ad\u00ed metod v\u010detn\u011b procenta respondent\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed je pova\u017eovali za \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9.\n<\/p>\n
Uchopte slunce. V\u00edce zahr\u00e1dk\u00e1\u0159\u016f uvedlo, \u017ee usp\u011bli s mul\u010dov\u00e1n\u00edm ne\u017e s herbicidy. P\u0159i posuzov\u00e1n\u00ed mo\u017enost\u00ed mul\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u011bjte na pam\u011bti, \u017ee pr\u016fhledn\u00fd plast — nejni\u017e\u0161\u00ed typ mul\u010de — bude fungovat na huben\u00ed plevele pouze tehdy, pokud bude pou\u017eit v l\u00e9t\u011b a bude t\u011bsn\u011b p\u0159eta\u017een p\u0159es p\u016fdu, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se vytvo\u0159\u00ed hork\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kter\u00e9 plevel nesnese. Tento zp\u016fsob zachycov\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00e1lav\u00e9ho tepla ze slunce pod pr\u016fhledn\u00fdm plastem se \u010dasto naz\u00fdv\u00e1 solarizace. Chcete-li z\u00e1hon solarizovat, zalijte m\u00edsta s holou p\u016fdou a pot\u00e9 je zakryjte pr\u016fhledn\u00fdm plastem. Vykopejte p\u0159\u00edkop a okraje pevn\u011b sta\u017een\u00e9ho plastu zahrabte do p\u0159\u00edkopu, aby se teplo akumulovalo, a plastov\u00fd kryt nechte na z\u00e1honu t\u0159i a\u017e \u0161est t\u00fddn\u016f.\n<\/p>\n
Mul\u010de jsou siln\u00e1 medic\u00edna. N\u011bkolik zahr\u00e1dk\u00e1\u0159\u016f uvedlo, \u017ee nej\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011bj\u0161\u00ed mul\u010dovac\u00ed strategi\u00ed je pou\u017eit\u00ed novin a\n<\/p>\n
Nej\u010dast\u011bji zmi\u0148ovan\u00fdmi radami bylo, abyste na za\u010d\u00e1tku vegeta\u010dn\u00ed sez\u00f3ny p\u0159ed polo\u017een\u00edm mul\u010de n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t po\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b ru\u010dn\u011b odplevelili a abyste b\u011bhem sez\u00f3ny organick\u00e9 mul\u010de pr\u016fb\u011b\u017en\u011b dopl\u0148ovali, jak se rozkl\u00e1daj\u00ed. Posekan\u00e1 tr\u00e1va blokuje r\u016fst plevele l\u00e9pe ne\u017e seno nebo sl\u00e1ma stejn\u00e9 tlou\u0161\u0165ky, ale obvykle nevydr\u017e\u00ed tak dlouho. Tr\u00e1va tak\u00e9 uvol\u0148uje v\u00edce prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9ho dus\u00edku ne\u017e seno, sl\u00e1ma nebo list\u00ed. S mul\u010dov\u00e1n\u00edm za\u010dn\u011bte v\u010das, ne\u017e se plevel uchyt\u00ed, a neost\u00fdchejte se ho pou\u017e\u00edt hodn\u011b — pokud m\u016f\u017eete, mul\u010dujte 6 a\u017e 8 cm hluboko senem, sl\u00e1mou nebo list\u00edm nebo 2 a\u017e 3 cm hluboko pose\u010denou tr\u00e1vou. Organick\u00e9 mul\u010de jsou \u010dty\u0159n\u00e1sobnou v\u00fdhrou, proto\u017ee potla\u010duj\u00ed plevel, zvy\u0161uj\u00ed \u00farodnost, zadr\u017euj\u00ed vl\u00e1hu a \u010dasto jsou zdarma. Sta\u010d\u00ed shrom\u00e1\u017edit posekanou tr\u00e1vu a list\u00ed na sv\u00e9m pozemku nebo je z\u00edskat od p\u0159\u00e1tel \u010di soused\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed nepou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed na tr\u00e1vn\u00edk herbicidy.\n<\/p>\n
Mnoho respondent\u016f uvedlo, \u017ee \u010dern\u00fd plastov\u00fd mul\u010d je sice \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd, proto\u017ee blokuje sv\u011btlo p\u0159ed plevelem, ale kdy\u017e se \u010dasem rozpadne, m\u016f\u017ee na zahrad\u011b zanechat spoustu \u00falomk\u016f. Jin\u00ed upozor\u0148ovali na u\u017eite\u010dnost krajinn\u00e9 textilie polo\u017een\u00e9 pod vrstvou sl\u00e1my, kter\u00e1 zabra\u0148uje pror\u016fst\u00e1n\u00ed plevele na cesty.\n<\/p>\n
Organick\u00e9 herbicidy. T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161ichni zahr\u00e1dk\u00e1\u0159i, kte\u0159\u00ed se vyj\u00e1d\u0159ili k organick\u00fdm herbicid\u016fm, uvedli, \u017ee ty, kter\u00e9 funguj\u00ed, nab\u00edzej\u00ed pouze do\u010dasn\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. Mnoz\u00ed uvedli, \u017ee mo\u017enosti zakoupen\u00e9 v obchod\u011b nestoj\u00ed za ty pen\u00edze. Mnoho zahr\u00e1dk\u00e1\u0159\u016f pova\u017eovalo ocet za \u00fa\u010dinnou mo\u017enost herbicidu, pokud se aplikuje p\u0159\u00edmo na plevel za slune\u010dn\u00e9ho dne. Pokud jste opatrn\u00ed, pokud jde o ochranu p\u016fdn\u00ed potravn\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b na va\u0161\u00ed zahrad\u011b, m\u011bjte na pam\u011bti, \u017ee ocet m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit drobn\u00e9 \u0161kody p\u016fdn\u00edm mikroorganism\u016fm.\n<\/p>\n
Shelley Stonebrookov\u00e1 je hlavn\u00ed redaktorkou \u010dasopisu MOTHER EARTH NEWS. Jej\u00ed v\u00e1\u0161n\u00ed je p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed zdrav\u00fdch a udr\u017eiteln\u00fdch potravin a ve voln\u00e9m \u010dase tak\u00e9 provozuje spole\u010dnost Stonegrass Farms Soap Co. Sledujte ji na Twitteru a Pinterestu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Plevel je nevyhnuteln\u00fdm trnem v oku ka\u017ed\u00e9ho zahradn\u00edka. Zat\u00edmco n\u011bkter\u00e9 plevele p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed u\u017eitek, nap\u0159\u00edklad jedl\u00e1 zele\u0148 mlad\u00fdch pampeli\u0161ek a v\u00fd\u017eivn\u00e9 ko\u0159eny lopuchu, mnoh\u00e9 se rychle stanou frustruj\u00edc\u00edm a neust\u00e1l\u00fdm bojem, pokud je v\u010das neodhal\u00edte. Zahradn\u00ed plevele mohou potravin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdm plodin\u00e1m ukr\u00e1st vodu, slune\u010dn\u00ed sv\u011btlo a p\u016fdn\u00ed \u017eiviny a n\u011bkter\u00e9 dokonce uvol\u0148uj\u00ed do p\u016fdy toxick\u00e9 chemick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":80170,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[121],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-80166","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-pest-control"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/80166","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=80166"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/80166\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/80170"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=80166"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=80166"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my-garden.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=80166"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}